PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of the Pamirs	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cambrian of Australia	Cretaceous Subepochs	Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6										0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian											0.129
		Calabrian											0.774
		Gelasian											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											5.333
		Tortonian											7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5										11.63
		Langhian											13.82
		Burdigalian											15.98
		Aquitanian											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian								23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian									33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan									37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2										41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2		Bumbanian								47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1	Gashatan									56
		Selandian											59.2
		Danian											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8								Senonian		66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7										72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6										83.6
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5										93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4								Gallic		100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3										113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2										121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2								Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1										132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1										139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6										145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5										149.2
		Oxfordian											154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4										165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4										168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3										174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2										184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1										192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4										201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4										208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3										227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2										237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2										242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1										247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1										251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4					Dorashamian					251.902
		Wuchiapingian						Dzhulfian					254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Tatarian	Vyatkian	Dzhulfian					256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian	Midian					259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian	Midian					264.28
		Wordian					Urzhumian	Murgabian					266.2 *
		Roadian	Permian 3			Kazanian	Povolzhian						266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3			Kazanian	Sokian						270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Kubergandian					273.01
							Filipovian	Kubergandian					276.5 *
							Filipovian	Bolorian	279.8
							Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian		283.5
							Irginian		285.9 *
							Irginian	Yakhtashian	286
							Burtsevian	Yakhtashian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	Sakmarian	290.1
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian	Sakmarian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Permian 1			Asselian	Shikhanian	Asselian	293.52
							Uskalykian		294.8
							Surenian		297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3						Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		Chotec				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		Cayugan				419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran				422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1						Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian		438.7 *
					Medinan				Clinton			440.1 *
												440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5								443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5								445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4								453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3								458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2								467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2								470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1								477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5								Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10									Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian									Iverian	489.5
		Paibian									Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4								Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian									Boomerangian	499
		Drumian									Undillan	500.5
		Drumian									Floran	503
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3								Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan									Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4									Ordian	509
		Stage 4										510.8 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2									514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1									529
													538.8