PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Central Paratethys Stages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6								Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene		Nihewanian						Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene				0.129
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene		Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene		Castlecliffian		0.774
		Calabrian										Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Yushean						Late Pliocene		Mangapanian		2.58
		Piacenzian								Late Pliocene		Waipipian		3
		Zanclean								Early Pliocene		Waipipian		3.6
												Opoitian		3.7
				Baodean								Opoitian		4.9
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene	Taranaki	Kapitean		5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian										Tongaporutuan	Pannonian	7.246
											Southland	Waiauan		11.04
				Tunggurian										11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5							Middle Miocene			Sarmatian	11.63
													Badenian	12.8 *
												Lillburnian	Badenian	13.05
		Langhian		Shanwangian								Lillburnian		13.82
												Clifdenian		15.1
											Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene				15.98
				Xiejiaan										16.9
												Otaian		18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian		20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian		21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4			MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25			Late Oligocene		Waitakian		23.03
												Duntroonian		25.2
												Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian				MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21				Early Oligocene				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3			MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A				Late Eocene				33.9
											Arnold	Runangan		34.6
												Kaiatan		36.7
		Bartonian				MP 16				Middle Eocene		Kaiatan		37.71
		Bartonian				MP 16						Bortonian		39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2			MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11						Bortonian		41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
												Heretaungan		45.7
		Ypresian				MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7				Early Eocene		Heretaungan		47.8
												Mangaorapan		48.9
												Waipawan		52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1			MP 6	MP 1 - 5			Late Paleocene		Teurian		56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene				59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8								Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7									Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6									Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian									Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
												Mangaotanean		90.5
												Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5									Arowhanan		93.9
											Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
												Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4									Motuan		100.5
												Urutawan		103.3
											Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3									Korangan		113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3					117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2					121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2					125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1					132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6						145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5						149.2
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4						165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4						168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3						174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2						184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1						192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4						201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4						208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4						Melekhovian		Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian									Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian									Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian									Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian									Kuhfengian	264.28
		Wordian							Noginskian			264.9 *
		Roadian	Permian 3									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2	Luodianian							273.01
		Kungurian							Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
		Artinskian									283.5
				Longlinian							285.4 *
									Rusavkinian		287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	Zisongian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5	Zisongian							Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian										300.1
		Kasimovian							Dorogomilovian			303.7
									Khamovnikian			304.8
									Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						Myachkovian		Middle Pennsylvanian	307
									Podolskian			308.9 *
									Kashirian			311.4 *
									Vereian			313.8
						Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian				Melekessian			Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
						Cheremshanian	316.9 *
						Prikamian	318.6 *
						Severokeltmian	319.9 *
						Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
						Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			Zapaltjubian	Late Mississippian		323.2
						Protvian			324.4 *
						Steshevian			326.8 *
						Tarusian			329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			Venevian	Middle Mississippian		330.9
						Mikhailovian			331.9 *
						Aleksinian			333.7 *
						Tulian			335.8 *
						Bobrikian			339.9 *
						Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		Kosvian	Early Mississippian	346.7
					Kizelian		350.7 *
					Cherepetian		351.9 *
					Karakubian		354.4 *
					Upinian		356.3 *
					Malevkian		357.6 *
					Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3				Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3				Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1				Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5					443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5					445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5					485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4					497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4					500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3					509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1					529
														538.8