PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of China			Devonian of France
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6								0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									0.129
		Calabrian									0.774
		Gelasian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5								11.63
		Langhian									13.82
		Burdigalian									15.98
		Aquitanian									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4	MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4	MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3	MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A							33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3	MP 16							37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2	MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11							41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2	MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1	MP 6	MP 1 - 5						56
		Selandian									59.2
		Danian									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8								66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7								72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6								83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4								100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3								113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2								121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2								125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1								132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6								145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5								149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4								165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4								168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3								174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2								184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1								192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4								201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4								208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3								227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2								237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2								242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1								247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1								251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4								251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2								273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			Late Pennsylvanian					298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5			Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5				Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4				Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3				Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3				Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Pragian					Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian					Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	Hirnantian				Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian		Chientangkiangian					Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					449.5
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	Darriwilian				Guniu †/Hulo	458.4
		Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	Darriwilian	Hunjiang †			Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2	Yiyangian					470
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Xinchangian					477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Xinchangian				Lianghekou †	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4						497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4						500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3						504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3						509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1						529
											538.8