PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	European Faunal Units	Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of Australia	Permian of China	Cambrian of Britain	European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian							MN 17	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Villanyian					MN 16	2.58
				Ruscinian					MN 16	3.1 *
									MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean							MN 15	3.6
									MN 14	4.2
									MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian		Turolian					MN 13	5.333
		Tortonian							MN 12	7.246
									MN 11	7.75
				Vallesian					MN 10	8.7
									MN 9	9.7
									MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5	Astaracian					MN 7 + 8	11.63
		Serravallian							MN 6	12.8 *
		Langhian							MN 5	13.82
		Burdigalian		Orleanian					MN 4	15.98
				Orleanian					MN 3	16.9
				Agenian					MN 2	20
		Aquitanian							MN 2	20.44
		Aquitanian							MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3							33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3							37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1							56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8		Senonian					66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4		Gallic					100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2		Neocomian					125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6							145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5							149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3							174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2							184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4							201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4							208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3			Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian				Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian				Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian				Longlinian	290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian					300.1
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4				307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3				323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2				330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	Bolindian			443.8
		Katian		Bolindian			445.2
				Eastonian			449 *
				Gisbornian			452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4	Gisbornian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	Darriwilian			458.4
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2	Yapeenian			467.3
		Dapingian		Castlemainian			468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Chewtonian			470
				Bendigonian			471.8 *
				Lancefieldian			473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Lancefieldian	477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5		Merioneth		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
		Stage 10					Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian					Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian					Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian					Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4		St Davids			497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4					500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3		Caerfai			509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1					529
										538.8