PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian Epochs	European Faunal Zones	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian			MN 17					1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			MN 16					2.58
		Piacenzian			MN 15					3.2
		Zanclean			MN 15					3.6
					MN 14					4.2
					MN 13					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian			MN 13					5.333
		Tortonian			MN 12					7.246
					MN 11					7.75
					MN 10					8.7
					MN 9					9.7
					MN 7 + 8					11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5		MN 7 + 8					11.63
		Serravallian			MN 6					12.8 *
		Langhian			MN 5					13.82
		Burdigalian			MN 4					15.98
					MN 3					16.9
					MN 2					20
		Aquitanian			MN 2					20.44
		Aquitanian			MN 1					22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4			MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4			MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3			MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3			MP 16		Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2			MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11				41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2			MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7			Bumbanian	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1			MP 6	MP 1 - 5	Gashatan		56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6							145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5							149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3							174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2							184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4							201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4							208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		259.51
		Wordian		264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2	273.01
		Artinskian		283.5
		Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5	Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4		500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3	Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1		529
										538.8