PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian Subages	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Permian of the Pamirs	Cretaceous Subepochs	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5									11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3									33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3									37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2									41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1									56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8				Senonian					66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7									72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4				Gallic					100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2				Neocomian					125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4									168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3									174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2									184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1									192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			Dorashamian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Dzhulfian						254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Midian						259.51
		Wordian				Midian						264.28
		Wordian				Murgabian						266.2 *
		Roadian	Permian 3			Murgabian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			Kubergandian						273.01
		Kungurian				Bolorian						279.8
		Artinskian				Bolorian						283.5
		Artinskian				Yakhtashian						286
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5		298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5		303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4		307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4		315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		Late Famennian	358.9
					Middle Famennian	365.3 *
					Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian	Devonian 4		Late Frasnian	372.2
					Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
					Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		Late Givetian	Srbsko		382.7
					Middle Givetian			383.7 *
					Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian			Late Eifelian	Chotec		387.7
		Eifelian			Early Eifelian	Chotec		390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		Late Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian		393.3
		Emsian	Devonian 2		Early Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian		398.3 *
		Pragian	Devonian 1		Pragian	Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian	Lochkovian		410.8
					Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli							Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1						Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
								Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5							443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5							445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1							477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5							485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4							497
		Guzhangian								Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian									500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3								504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3							Branchian	509
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2							Branchian	514
		Stage 3								Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1								529
												538.8