PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian Epochs	Silurian of North America			Devonian of Eastern North America		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6	Wanganui	Haweran											0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Chibanian			Castlecliffian											0.34
		Calabrian			Castlecliffian											0.774
		Calabrian			Nukumaruan											1.63
		Gelasian			Nukumaruan											1.8
		Gelasian			Mangapanian											2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Mangapanian											2.58
		Piacenzian			Waipipian											3
		Zanclean			Waipipian											3.6
		Zanclean			Opoitian											3.7
	Miocene	Messinian		Taranaki	Kapitean											5.333
		Messinian			Tongaporutuan											7.2
		Tortonian			Tongaporutuan											7.246
		Tortonian		Southland	Waiauan											11.04
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5		Waiauan											11.63
		Serravallian			Lillburnian											13.05
		Langhian			Lillburnian											13.82
					Clifdenian											15.1
				Pareora	Altonian											15.9
		Burdigalian			Altonian											15.98
		Burdigalian			Otaian											18.7
		Aquitanian			Otaian											20.44
		Aquitanian		Landon	Waitakian											21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4		Waitakian											23.03
					Duntroonian											25.2
					Whaingaroan											27.3
		Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3													33.9
				Arnold	Runangan											34.6
					Kaiatan											36.7
		Bartonian			Kaiatan											37.71
		Bartonian			Bortonian											39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2		Bortonian											41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan											42.6
					Heretaungan											45.7
		Ypresian			Heretaungan											47.8
					Mangaorapan											48.9
					Waipawan											52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		Teurian											56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8	Mata	Haumurian											66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7		Haumurian											72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6		Piripauan											83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan											86.1
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
					Mangaotanean											90.5
					Arowhanan											93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5		Arowhanan											93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian											95.2
					Motuan											99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4		Motuan											100.5
					Urutawan											103.3
				Taitai	Korangan											108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3		Korangan											113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3													117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2													121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2													125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1													132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5			303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4			West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3			Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2				Cayugan		419.2
	Pridoli						Niagaran		422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1						Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
							Medinan		Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5				Bolindian					Kosovian	443.8
		Katian					Bolindian					Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
							Eastonian					Kralodvorian		449 *
							Eastonian					Berounian		449.7 *
							Gisbornian							452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4											453
					Zahorany †/Vinice									Letna †	456.2 *
					Liben †										458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3				Darriwilian								458.4
												Dobrotivian			458.5 *
												Oretanian			459.7 *
				Sarka †										461.7 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2	Yapeenian			Klabava †							467.3
				Yapeenian								Arenigian		468
				Castlemainian										468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Chewtonian										470
				Bendigonian										471.8 *
				Lancefieldian										473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Lancefieldian			Tremadocian							477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Warendian			Tremadocian							482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5				Late Cambrian								485.4
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4				Middle Cambrian								497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4												500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3												504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3				Early Cambrian								509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2												514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1												529
																538.8