PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permian of Western Europe	Central Paratethys Stages	Carboniferous of China	Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian of Australia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6	Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Chibanian			Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian			Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian			Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian			Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian			Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Mangapanian							2.58
		Piacenzian			Waipipian							3
		Zanclean			Waipipian							3.6
		Zanclean			Opoitian							3.7
	Miocene	Messinian		Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian			Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian			Tongaporutuan			Pannonian				7.246
		Tortonian		Southland	Waiauan			Pannonian				11.04
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5					Sarmatian				11.63
								Badenian				12.8 *
					Lillburnian			Badenian				13.05
		Langhian			Lillburnian							13.82
					Clifdenian							15.1
				Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian			Altonian							15.98
		Burdigalian			Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian			Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian		Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4		Waitakian							23.03
					Duntroonian							25.2
					Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3									33.9
				Arnold	Runangan							34.6
					Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian			Kaiatan							37.71
		Bartonian			Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2		Bortonian							41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
					Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian			Heretaungan							47.8
					Mangaorapan							48.9
					Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		Teurian							56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8	Mata	Haumurian							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7		Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6		Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
					Mangaotanean							90.5
					Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5		Arowhanan							93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
					Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4		Motuan							100.5
					Urutawan							103.3
				Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3		Korangan							113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3									117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2									125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1			132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2				273.01
		Artinskian				Autunian	283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			Mapingian †		Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian							Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian							Xiaodushanian	303.7
									Dalaun	305.8 *
										305.9
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4					Middle Pennsylvanian		307
		Bashkirian						Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
									Huashibanian	318.5 *
									Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					Dewunian	Late Mississippian	323.2
		Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					Shangsian	Late Mississippian	330.8 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					Shangsian	Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					Jiusian	Middle Mississippian	335 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					Tangbagouan	Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2							393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1							407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1							433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
		Rhuddanian								440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5							Bolindian	443.8
		Katian								Bolindian	445.2
										Eastonian	449 *
					Gisbornian					452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		Gisbornian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		Darriwilian					458.4
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2		Yapeenian					467.3
		Dapingian			Castlemainian					468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Chewtonian	470
				Bendigonian	471.8 *
				Lancefieldian	473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Lancefieldian	477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5		Datsonian					485.4
		Stage 10			Payntonian					486.8 *
		Jiangshanian			Iverian					489.5
		Paibian			Idamean					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4		Mindyallan					497
		Guzhangian			Boomerangian					499
		Drumian			Undillan					500.5
		Drumian			Floran					503
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3		Templetonian					504.5
		Wuliuan			Ordian					507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4			Ordian					509
		Stage 4								510.8 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2							514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1							529
												538.8