PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of Western Europe	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Silurian of England		Devonian of Germany
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6	Wanganui	Haweran														0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	0.0117
		Chibanian																	0.129
		Chibanian			Castlecliffian														0.34
		Calabrian			Castlecliffian														0.774
		Calabrian			Nukumaruan														1.63
		Gelasian			Nukumaruan														1.8
		Gelasian			Mangapanian														2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Mangapanian														2.58
		Piacenzian			Waipipian														3
		Zanclean			Waipipian														3.6
		Zanclean			Opoitian														3.7
	Miocene	Messinian		Taranaki	Kapitean														5.333
		Messinian			Tongaporutuan														7.2
		Tortonian			Tongaporutuan														7.246
		Tortonian		Southland	Waiauan														11.04
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5		Waiauan														11.63
		Serravallian			Lillburnian														13.05
		Langhian			Lillburnian														13.82
					Clifdenian														15.1
				Pareora	Altonian														15.9
		Burdigalian			Altonian														15.98
		Burdigalian			Otaian														18.7
		Aquitanian			Otaian														20.44
		Aquitanian		Landon	Waitakian														21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4		Waitakian														23.03
					Duntroonian														25.2
					Whaingaroan														27.3
		Rupelian																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3																33.9
				Arnold	Runangan														34.6
					Kaiatan														36.7
		Bartonian			Kaiatan														37.71
		Bartonian			Bortonian														39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2		Bortonian														41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan														42.6
					Heretaungan														45.7
		Ypresian			Heretaungan														47.8
					Mangaorapan														48.9
					Waipawan														52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		Teurian														56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8	Mata	Haumurian														66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7		Haumurian														72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6		Piripauan														83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan														86.1
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
					Mangaotanean														90.5
					Arowhanan														93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5		Arowhanan														93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian														95.2
					Motuan														99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4		Motuan														100.5
					Urutawan														103.3
				Taitai	Korangan														108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3		Korangan														113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3																117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2																121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2																125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1																132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6			145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5			149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4			165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4			168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3			174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2			184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1			192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4			201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4			208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			251.902
		Wuchiapingian				Zechstein	254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Zechstein	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Severodvinian		Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian				Urzhumian			264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3			Kazanian	Povolzhian		266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3			Kazanian	Sokian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian		273.01
							Filipovian		276.5 *
							Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian	Autunian	283.5
							Irginian		285.9 *
							Burtsevian		287.8 *
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian	Permian 1			Asselian	Shikhanian		293.52
							Uskalykian		294.8
							Surenian		297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5						Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4						Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3						Srbsko	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3						Chotec	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2						Daleje/Zlichovian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1						Pragian	Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1						Lochkovian	Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli									Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian										425.6
		Gorstian									Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian									Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian								Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1									433.4
		Telychian									436.3 *
		Aeronian									438.5
		Aeronian								Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
		Rhuddanian								Cowleigh Park	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5							Kosovian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian		Kralodvorian						Bohdalec †		Pirgu	445.2
				Kralodvorian								Vormsi	449.6 *
				Berounian								Vormsi	449.7 *
												Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
											Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
												Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4									Keila	Idavere †	453
												Haljala		453.9
												Haljala		Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
												Kukruse				456.4 *
												Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
										Liben †						458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3													458.4
				Dobrotivian												458.5 *
				Dobrotivian								Lasnamagi				458.9 *
				Oretanian								Lasnamagi				459.7 *
												Aseri				460.4 *
										Sarka †		Aseri				461.7 *
											Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
												Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
												Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2							Klabava †							467.3
				Arenigian													468
												Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian															470
													Latorp †				470.1 *
												Hunneberg					473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	Tremadocian								Hunneberg					477.7
												Varangu					481.3 *
												Pakerort					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5									Pakerort					Datsonian	485.4
																		486.3 *
																		486.5
																	Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian															Iverian	489.5
		Paibian															Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4			Mindyallan	497
						Mindyallan	Arcadian	498.4
						Boomerangian		499
		Drumian				Undillan		500.5
		Drumian				Floran		503
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3			Templetonian		504.5
		Wuliuan				Ordian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4				Ordian	Branchian	509
		Stage 4						510.8 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2					514
		Stage 3					Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1					529
																			538.8