PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cenozoic Subepochs	Ordovician of China			Carboniferous Subepochs	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Ordovician of Britain				Permian of the Salt Range
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6													0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene		Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian		Middle Pleistocene												0.129
		Calabrian		Early Pleistocene												0.774
		Gelasian		Early Pleistocene												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Late Pliocene												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean		Early Pliocene												3.6
	Miocene	Messinian		Late Miocene												5.333
		Tortonian		Late Miocene												7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5	Middle Miocene												11.63
		Langhian		Middle Miocene												13.82
		Burdigalian		Early Miocene												15.98
		Aquitanian		Early Miocene												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4	Late Oligocene												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4	Early Oligocene												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3	Late Eocene												33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3	Middle Eocene												37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2	Middle Eocene												41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2	Early Eocene												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1	Late Paleocene												56
		Selandian		Middle Paleocene												59.2
		Danian		Early Paleocene												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8													66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7													72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6													83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4													100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3													113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2													121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2													125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1													132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6													145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5													149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4													165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4													168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3													174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2													184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1													192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4													201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4													208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1													247.2
		Induan														251.2
		Induan													Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4												Kathwai	251.902
																252.4 *
															Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian													Chhidru	254.14
															Kalabagh	255 *
															Wargal	256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian														259.51
		Wordian														264.28
																265.3 *
					Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian	Permian 3		Amb	266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			293.52
		Asselian	Permian 1			Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			Kuzel	Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
						Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
								Stephanian B	300.9 *
								Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian						Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian						Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4				Middle Pennsylvanian	Cantabrian	307
						Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
								Westphalian C	309.8
								Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	Westphalian B	315.2
								Westphalian A	317 *
						Namurian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
								Marsdenian	320.2 *
								Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
								Alportian	322 *
				Chokierian				323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	Chokierian			Late Mississippian	323.2
				Arnsbergian				324 *
				Pendleian				327.4 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	Middle Mississippian		Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
						Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
						Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Early Mississippian		Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Early Mississippian		Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5					Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian						Chientangkiangian				Rawtheyan	445.2
												Cautleyan	448.9 *
												Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				Pusgillian	449.5
											Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
												Cheneyan		451.5 *
												Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4											453
													Actonian †	453.2 *
													Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
													Longvillian †		455.2 *
												Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
												Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3					Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
									Guniu †/Hulo			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
									Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo					466.3 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2					Dapingian							467.3
		Dapingian			Arenig			Dapingian			Fennian	468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Yiyangian			Fennian	470
											Whitlandian	471.1 *
											Moridunian	474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Xinchangian			Tremadoc			Migneintian	477.7
										Lianghekou †	Migneintian	477.9 *
											Cressagian	480.8 *
												485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5									485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4									497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4									500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3									504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3									509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2									514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1									529
																538.8