PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cenozoic Subepochs	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6				0
		Northgrippian					0.0042
		Greenlandian					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene		Late Pleistocene			0.0117
		Chibanian		Middle Pleistocene			0.129
		Calabrian		Early Pleistocene			0.774
		Gelasian		Early Pleistocene		MN 17	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Late Pliocene		MN 16	2.58
		Piacenzian		Late Pliocene		MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean		Early Pliocene		MN 15	3.6
						MN 14	4.2
						MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian		Late Miocene		MN 13	5.333
		Tortonian				MN 12	7.246
						MN 11	7.75
						MN 10	8.7
						MN 9	9.7
						MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5	Middle Miocene		MN 7 + 8	11.63
		Serravallian				MN 6	12.8 *
		Langhian				MN 5	13.82
		Burdigalian		Early Miocene		MN 4	15.98
						MN 3	16.9
						MN 2	20
		Aquitanian				MN 2	20.44
		Aquitanian				MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4	Late Oligocene			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4	Early Oligocene			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3	Late Eocene			33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3	Middle Eocene			37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2	Middle Eocene			41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2	Early Eocene			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1	Late Paleocene			56
		Selandian		Middle Paleocene			59.2
		Danian		Early Paleocene			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8				66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7				72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6				83.6
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4				100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3				113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2				121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2				125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1				132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6				145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5				149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4				165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4				168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3				174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2				184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1				192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4				208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4		Melekhovian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Wordian			Noginskian		264.9 *
		Roadian	Permian 3				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2				273.01
		Kungurian			Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
		Artinskian			Pavlovoposadian		283.5
		Artinskian			Rusavkinian		287.6 *
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5				298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian		303.7
					Khamovnikian		304.8
					Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4		Myachkovian		307
					Podolskian		308.9 *
					Kashirian		311.4 *
					Vereian		313.8
					Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian		315.2
					Cheremshanian		316.9 *
					Prikamian		318.6 *
					Severokeltmian		319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
					Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		Zapaltjubian	323.2
					Protvian	324.4 *
					Steshevian	326.8 *
					Tarusian	329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		Venevian	330.9
					Mikhailovian	331.9 *
					Aleksinian	333.7 *
				Tulian	335.8 *
				Bobrikian	339.9 *
				Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kosvian	346.7
				Kizelian	350.7 *
				Cherepetian	351.9 *
				Karakubian	354.4 *
				Upinian	356.3 *
				Malevkian	357.6 *
				Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5		445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5		485.4
		Jiangshanian			489.5
		Paibian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4		497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4		500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3		509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1		529
							538.8