PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cenozoic Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene		Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian		Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian		Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian		Early Pleistocene						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian		Late Pliocene						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean		Early Pliocene						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian		Late Miocene						5.333
		Tortonian		Late Miocene						7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5	Middle Miocene						11.63
		Langhian		Middle Miocene						13.82
		Burdigalian		Early Miocene						15.98
		Aquitanian		Early Miocene						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4	Late Oligocene				Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4	Early Oligocene				Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3	Late Eocene				Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3	Middle Eocene				Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2	Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2	Early Eocene					Bumbanian	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1	Late Paleocene				Gashatan		56
		Selandian		Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian		Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6							145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5							149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras					168.2
		Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense					168.4
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3		Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta					174.7
					Planulata					179.3 *
					Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi			179.8 *
					Kanense					181.3 *
					Carlottense					182.3 *
					Kunae					183.5 *
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2		Kunae					184.2
					Freboldi					185.1 *
					Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras				186.2 *
						Tetraspidoceras				189.2 *
					Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis				190.3 *
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1							192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras			196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
		Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4							201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4							208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2							273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5							298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5							303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4							307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3							323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2							330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5	445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5	485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1	529
										538.8