PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of North America				Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian Epochs	Silurian of North America			Devonian of Eastern North America		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6																	0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Calabrian																		0.774
		Gelasian																		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5																	11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4																	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4																	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3																	33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3																	37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2																	41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2																	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1																	56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8																	66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7																	72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6																	83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4																	100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3																	113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2																	121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2																	125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1																	132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6																	145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5																	149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4																	165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4																	168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3																	174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2																	184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1																	192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1																	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4																	201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4																	208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3																	227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2																	237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2																	242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1																	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1																	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4																	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian																		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3																	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2																	273.01
		Artinskian																		283.5
		Sakmarian																		290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1																	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5																	298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		Cayugan		419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran		422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1				Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan		Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		Cincinnatian			Gamachian	Bolindian	Kosovian	443.8
		Katian						Gamachian		Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
								Richmondian				446 *
									Eastonian			449 *
										Berounian		449.7 *
								Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Edenian					450.4 *
					Mohawkian			Chatfieldian					451.1 *
									Gisbornian				452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4										453
								Turinian					453.7 *
								Turinian					Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
					Whiterockian							Canadian †	Zahorany †/Vinice		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
											Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3						Darriwilian							458.4
										Dobrotivian						458.5 *
										Oretanian						459.7 *
											Sarka †					461.7 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2						Yapeenian		Klabava †					467.3
									Yapeenian	Arenigian						468
									Castlemainian							468.5 *
								Rangerian	Castlemainian							469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian			Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †						Cassinian †	Chewtonian	470
																Bendigonian	471.8 *
																Lancefieldian	473.5 *
								Tulean									473.9 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1					Tulean		Tremadocian							477.7
								Stairsian									480.3 *
								Skullrockian							Demingian †		482 *
															Demingian †	Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan								Late Cambrian	485.4
										Dolgellian/Trempealeauan									487.5
										Festiniogian									489.2 *
		Jiangshanian								Festiniogian									489.5
		Jiangshanian								Maentwrogian									493.1 *
		Paibian								Maentwrogian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4						St Davids									Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4																500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3																504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3						Caerfai									Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2																514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1																529
																				538.8