PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian of the Salt Range	Devonian of France	Cambrian of North America		Silurian of the Baltic	Silurian of England		Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6																0
		Northgrippian																	0.0042
		Greenlandian																	0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																	0.0117
		Chibanian																	0.129
		Calabrian																	0.774
		Gelasian																	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																	5.333
		Tortonian																	7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5																11.63
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian																	15.98
		Aquitanian																	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4																23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4																27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3																33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3																37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2																41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2																47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1																56
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8																66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7																72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6																83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4																100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3																113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2																121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2																125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1																132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6																145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5																149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4																165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4																168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3																174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2																184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1																192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4																201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4																208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3																227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2																237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2																242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1																247.2
		Induan																	251.2
		Induan							Kathwai										251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4						Kathwai										251.902
																			252.4 *
									Chhidru										252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian							Chhidru										254.14
									Kalabagh										255 *
									Wargal										256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																	259.51
		Wordian																	264.28
																			265.3 *
				Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian	Permian 3	Amb	266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5		Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5		Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4		Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4		Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		Famennian		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		Frasnian		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		Couvinien		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1				407.6
		Pragian			Coblencien		408.2 *
		Lochkovian			Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2				Ohesaare	Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
							Ohesaare		Bringewood/Elton	421.3
							Kaugetuma		Bringewood/Elton	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare	Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Ludfordian					Paadla		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423.4 *
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian							Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula		Buildwas	427.4
							Rootsikula	Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
							Jaagarahu			429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian					Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1				Jaani			433.4
							Adavere			434 *
										436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
								Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
							Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian					Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian					Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5				Harju	Porkuni			Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu				Rawtheyan	445.2
												Cautleyan	448.9 *
												Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Vormsi			Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
								Nabala						Johvi †	450 *
							Viru	Rakvere							450.6 *
								Rakvere				Cheneyan			451.5 *
								Oandu				Cheneyan			452 *
								Oandu				Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4					Keila						Idavere †	453
								Keila					Actonian †		453.2 *
								Haljala					Actonian †		453.9
													Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
													Longvillian †			455.2 *
								Kukruse								456.4 *
												Aurelucian				456.8 *
													Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
								Uhaku					Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3					Uhaku			Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn				458.4
								Lasnamagi								458.9 *
								Aseri								460.4 *
								Aseri				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				461.3 *
							Oeland	Kunda								462.9 *
				Valaste †/Hunderum				Kunda						464.3 *
								Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2													467.3
											Arenig	Fennian				468.4 *
								Billingen								469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian														470
				Latorp †												470.1 *
												Whitlandian				471.1 *
								Hunneberg				Whitlandian				473.7 *
												Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1								Ungurian	Tremadoc				Migneintian	477.7
																Cressagian	480.8 *
						Varangu		481.3 *
						Pakerort		482.2 *
																485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5	Batyrbaian												Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian																489.5
				Aksaian	490.7 *
				Sakian	492.2 *
					Steptoean												493 *
		Paibian			Steptoean												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4	Ayusokkanian	Marjumian											Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian															499.5
		Drumian		Zhanaarykian													500.5
		Drumian		Tuesaian													503
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3	Tuesaian	Topazan												504.5
					Topazan												505.3
					Delamaran												506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Waucoban †	509
				Toyonian													510 *
				Toyonian	Dyeran												511 *
				Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2						514
					Montezuman				514.8 *
				Atdabanian	Montezuman				515.6 *
				Atdabanian	Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian					521
		Stage 2							525.5
		Fortunian	Cambrian 1						529
																			538.8