PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Cambrian of China		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5							11.63
		Langhian								13.82
		Burdigalian								15.98
		Aquitanian								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4					Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4					Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3					Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3					Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2						Bumbanian	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1					Gashatan		56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6			Oteke	Puaroan			145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5			Oteke	Puaroan			149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan			150
							Heterian			154.5
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan			164.3
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan			176
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2				Ururoan			184.2
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2				Aratauran			188.9
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4			Balfour	Otapirian			201.4
		Norian					Warepan			208.5
							Otamitan			217
							Oretian			221
		Carnian	Triassic 3				Oretian			227
		Carnian	Triassic 3			Gore	Kaihikuan			227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2				Kaihikuan			237
		Ladinian					Etalian			238
		Anisian					Etalian			242
		Anisian					Malakovian			246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1				Malakovian			247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian			249
		Induan		251.2			Nelsonian
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4		Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian			Flettian	264.28
		Wordian			Barettian	266
		Roadian	Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian	283.5
					Telfordian	285
						288.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5			303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4			307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5			443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5			445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5			Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Jiangshanian				Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian				Paibian		494
		Paibian				Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4			Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4			Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3			Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3			Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2			Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2			Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian	Cambrian 1			Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian	Cambrian 1			Jinnigian		530.7
										538.8