Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
  • J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
  • M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
  • J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • P. L. Gibbard, M. J. Head, and M. J. C. Walker. 2010. Formal ratification of the Quaternary System/Period and the Pleistocene Series/Epoch with a base at 2.58 Ma. Journal of Quaternary Science 25(2):96-102 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleTen Million Year BinsCambrian of ChinaCarboniferous of North AmericaDevonian SubagesNorth American Mammal Subages/ZonesSilurian of the BalticCentral Paratethys StagesCretaceous-Cenozoic of New ZealandSilurian Ages of EuropePermian of North AmericaCenozoic Subepochs of Southern Europe
QuaternaryHoloceneMeghalayanCenozoic 6WanganuiHaweran0
Northgrippian0.0042
Greenlandian0.0082
PleistoceneLate PleistoceneSheridanianTarantian0.0117
ChibanianIonian0.129
Cudahyan/Sappan0.21
Castlecliffian0.34
Calabrian0.774
Senecan/Rexroadian1.4
Nukumaruan1.63
Gelasian1.8
Mangapanian2.4
NeogenePliocenePiacenzian2.58
Waipipian3
Zanclean3.6
Opoitian3.7
Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian4.7
MioceneMessinianTaranakiKapitean5.333
Tongaporutuan7.2
TortonianPannonian7.246
Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian9.4
SouthlandWaiauan11.04
SerravallianCenozoic 5Sarmatian11.63
late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian12.5
Badenian12.8 *
Lillburnian13.05
Langhian13.82
Clifdenian15.1
PareoraAltonian15.9
Burdigalian15.98
Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian16.3
late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early ArikareeanHarrisonian18.5
Otaian18.7
Aquitanian20.44
LandonWaitakian21.7
PaleogeneOligoceneChattianCenozoic 423.03
Monroecreekian23.1 *
Geringian24.7 *
Duntroonian25.2
Whaingaroan27.3
Rupelian27.82
29.5
EocenePriabonianCenozoic 3Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian33.9
ArnoldRunangan34.6
Kaiatan36.7
37
Bartonian37.71
Bortonian39.1
Late Uintan/Early Uintan39.7
LutetianCenozoic 241.2
DannevirkePorangan42.6
Heretaungan45.7
Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian46.2
Ypresian47.8
Mangaorapan48.9
Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean50.5
Waipawan52
Cf3/Cf2/Cf154.9
PaleoceneThanetianCenozoic 1Teurian56
Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti156.2
Selandian59.2
To3/To2/To160.9
Danian61.6
Pu3/Pu2/Pu163.8
CretaceousLate CretaceousMaastrichtianCretaceous 8MataHaumurian66
CampanianCretaceous 772.1
SantonianCretaceous 6Piripauan83.6
RaukumaraTeratan86.1
Coniacian86.3
Turonian89.8
Mangaotanean90.5
Arowhanan93.7
CenomanianCretaceous 593.9
ClarenceNgaterian95.2
Motuan99.5
Early CretaceousAlbianCretaceous 4100.5
Urutawan103.3
TaitaiKorangan108.4
AptianCretaceous 3113
117.5
BarremianCretaceous 2121.4
Hauterivian125.77
ValanginianCretaceous 1132.6
Berriasian139.8
JurassicLate JurassicTithonianJurassic 6145
KimmeridgianJurassic 5149.2
Oxfordian154.8
Middle JurassicCallovian161.5
BathonianJurassic 4165.3
Bajocian168.2
AalenianJurassic 3170.9
Early JurassicToarcian174.7
PliensbachianJurassic 2184.2
SinemurianJurassic 1192.9
Hettangian199.5
TriassicLate TriassicRhaetianTriassic 4201.4
Norian208.5
CarnianTriassic 3227
Middle TriassicLadinianTriassic 2237
Anisian242
Early TriassicOlenekianTriassic 1247.2
Induan251.2
PermianLopingianChanghsingianPermian 4251.902
Wuchiapingian254.14
GuadalupianCapitanianCapitanian259.51
WordianWordian264.28
RoadianPermian 3Roadian266.9
CisuralianKungurianPermian 2LeonardianCathedralian273.01
Hessian281.9 *
Artinskian283.5
WolfcampianLenoxian286.1 *
Sakmarian290.1
AsselianPermian 1Bursumian †Nealian293.52
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelianCarboniferous 5Virgilian298.9
KasimovianMissourian303.7
Desmoinesian305.9 *
MoscovianCarboniferous 4307
Atokan312.7 *
Bashkirian315.2
Morrowan318.4 *
MississippianSerpukhovianCarboniferous 3Chesterian323.2
ViseanCarboniferous 2330.9
Meramecian335.8 *
Osagean343.1 *
TournaisianCarboniferous 1346.7
Kinderhookian351.9 *
DevonianLate DevonianFamennianDevonian 5Late Famennian358.9
Middle Famennian365.3 *
Early Famennian368.5 *
FrasnianDevonian 4Late Frasnian372.2
Middle Frasnian375.4 *
Early Frasnian379.3 *
Middle DevonianGivetianDevonian 3Late Givetian382.7
Middle Givetian383.7 *
Early Givetian385.9 *
EifelianLate Eifelian387.7
Early Eifelian390.3 *
Early DevonianEmsianDevonian 2Late Emsian393.3
Early Emsian398.3 *
PragianDevonian 1Pragian407.6
LochkovianLate Lochkovian410.8
Middle Lochkovian412.8 *
Early Lochkovian415.6 *
SilurianPridoliSilurian 2Ohesaare419.2
Kaugetuma421.7 *
LudlowLudfordianKuressaare423
Paadla423.4 *
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerianRootsikulaGleedonian427.4
Jaagarahu429.2 *
Whitwellian429.7 *
Sheinwoodian430.5
Jaani431.8 *
LlandoveryTelychianSilurian 1433.4
Adavere434 *
Aeronian438.5
Raikkula439.4 *
Rhuddanian440.8
Juuru441.4 *
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianOrdovician 5443.8
Katian445.2
SandbianOrdovician 4453
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilianOrdovician 3458.4
DapingianOrdovician 2467.3
Early OrdovicianFloian470
TremadocianOrdovician 1477.7
CambrianFurongianStage 10Cambrian 5NiucheheanTaoyuanian †485.4
JiangshanianJiangshanian489.5
PaibianPaibian494
Waergangian †/Youshuanian494.9 *
MiaolingianGuzhangianCambrian 4GuzhangianWangcunian †497
DrumianDrumian500.5
WuliuanCambrian 3Wuliuan/Taijangian504.5
Series 2Stage 4Duyunian509
Stage 3Cambrian 2Nangaoian514
TerreneuvianStage 2Meishucunian521
FortunianCambrian 1529
Jinnigian530.7
538.8