PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of Australia	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of West Avalonia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Yushean					2.58
		Zanclean			Yushean					3.6
		Zanclean			Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Tortonian			Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5		Tunggurian					11.63
		Langhian			Shanwangian					13.82
		Burdigalian			Shanwangian					15.98
		Burdigalian			Xiejiaan					16.9
		Aquitanian			Xiejiaan					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3							33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3							37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1							56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6							145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5							149.2
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3							174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2							184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4							201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4							208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2							273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5	298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	Southwoodian		Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		Bolindian		443.8
		Katian			Bolindian		445.2
					Eastonian		449 *
					Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		Gisbornian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		Darriwilian		458.4
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2		Yapeenian		467.3
		Dapingian			Castlemainian		468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian		470
					Bendigonian		471.8 *
					Lancefieldian		473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Lancefieldian		477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5				Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10					Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian					Iverian	489.5
		Paibian					Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4				Mindyallan	497
							Mindyallan	Arcadian	498.4
							Boomerangian		499
		Drumian					Undillan		500.5
		Drumian					Floran		503
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3				Templetonian		504.5
		Wuliuan					Ordian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4					Ordian	Branchian	509
		Stage 4							510.8 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2						514
		Stage 3						Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1						529
										538.8