PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Ordovician of the Baltic				Carboniferous of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian Subages of Germany	Ordovician of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6						Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Chibanian								Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian								Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian								Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian								Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian								Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Mangapanian							2.58
		Piacenzian								Waipipian							3
		Zanclean								Waipipian							3.6
		Zanclean								Opoitian							3.7
	Miocene	Messinian							Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian								Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian								Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian							Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5							Waiauan							11.63
		Serravallian								Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian								Lillburnian							13.82
										Clifdenian							15.1
									Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian								Altonian							15.98
		Burdigalian								Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian								Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian							Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4							Waitakian							23.03
										Duntroonian							25.2
										Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3														33.9
									Arnold	Runangan							34.6
										Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian								Kaiatan							37.71
		Bartonian								Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2							Bortonian							41.2
									Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
										Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian								Heretaungan							47.8
										Mangaorapan							48.9
										Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1							Teurian							56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8						Mata	Haumurian							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							Haumurian							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							Piripauan							83.6
		Santonian							Raukumara	Teratan							86.1
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
										Mangaotanean							90.5
										Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							Arowhanan							93.9
									Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
										Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4							Motuan							100.5
										Urutawan							103.3
									Taitai	Korangan							108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							Korangan							113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3														117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2														121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2														125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1														132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6		145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5		149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4		165.3
		Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras	168.2
		Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3		Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
					Planulata	179.3 *
					Planulata	Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
					Kanense		181.3 *
					Carlottense		182.3 *
					Kunae		183.5 *
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2		Kunae		184.2
					Freboldi		185.1 *
					Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
							Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
					Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1					192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4					Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Buntsandstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian						Leine	264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2						273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Gzhelian							Xiaodushanian		300 *
		Kasimovian							Xiaodushanian		303.7
		Kasimovian							Dalaun		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4								307
		Bashkirian									315.2
									Huashibanian		318.5 *
									Lousuan		321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3						Dewunian		323.2
		Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3						Shangsian		330.8 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2						Shangsian		330.9
		Visean	Carboniferous 2						Jiusian		335 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1						Tangbagouan		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2								393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1								407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	Harju						Porkuni	Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu	Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
										Pirgu	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
										Vormsi				449.6 *
										Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
				Viru						Rakvere					450.6 *
										Oandu					452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4							Keila				Idavere †	453
										Haljala					453.9
										Kukruse					456.4 *
										Uhaku				Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3							Uhaku	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo			458.4
										Lasnamagi					458.9 *
										Aseri					460.4 *
				Oeland						Kunda					462.9 *
														Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
												Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo		466.3 *
										Volkhov					Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2				Dapingian			Volkhov	467.3
		Dapingian					Dapingian			Billingen	469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Yiyangian	470
						Latorp †					470.1 *
										Hunneberg	473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Xinchangian						477.7
											Lianghekou †		477.9 *
										Varangu			481.3 *
										Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5							Pakerort			485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4					497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4					500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3					509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1					529
																	538.8