PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Silurian of the Baltic	Cenozoic Subepochs	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of Britain		European Faunal Units	European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6								0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian			Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian			Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian			Early Pleistocene					MN 17	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Late Pliocene				Villanyian	MN 16	2.58
									Ruscinian	MN 16	3.1 *
										MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean			Early Pliocene					MN 15	3.6
										MN 14	4.2
										MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian			Late Miocene				Turolian	MN 13	5.333
		Tortonian								MN 12	7.246
										MN 11	7.75
									Vallesian	MN 10	8.7
										MN 9	9.7
										MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5		Middle Miocene				Astaracian	MN 7 + 8	11.63
		Serravallian								MN 6	12.8 *
		Langhian								MN 5	13.82
		Burdigalian			Early Miocene				Orleanian	MN 4	15.98
									Orleanian	MN 3	16.9
									Agenian	MN 2	20
		Aquitanian								MN 2	20.44
		Aquitanian								MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4		Late Oligocene						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4		Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3		Late Eocene						33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3		Middle Eocene						37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2		Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2		Early Eocene						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		Late Paleocene						56
		Selandian			Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian			Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8								66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7								72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6								83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4								100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3								113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2								121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2								125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1								132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1								139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6								145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5								149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4								165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4								168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3								174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2								184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1								192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4								201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4								208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3								227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2								237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2								242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4	Melekhovian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Wordian		Noginskian		264.9 *
		Roadian	Permian 3			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2			273.01
		Kungurian		Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
		Artinskian		Pavlovoposadian		283.5
		Artinskian		Rusavkinian		287.6 *
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5			298.9
		Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian		303.7
				Khamovnikian		304.8
				Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	Myachkovian		307
				Podolskian		308.9 *
				Kashirian		311.4 *
				Vereian		313.8
				Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian		Melekessian		315.2
				Cheremshanian		316.9 *
				Prikamian		318.6 *
				Severokeltmian		319.9 *
				Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
				Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	Zapaltjubian		323.2
				Protvian		324.4 *
				Steshevian		326.8 *
				Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	Venevian		330.9
				Mikhailovian		331.9 *
				Aleksinian		333.7 *
				Tulian	335.8 *
				Bobrikian	339.9 *
				Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kosvian	346.7
				Kizelian	350.7 *
				Cherepetian	351.9 *
				Karakubian	354.4 *
				Upinian	356.3 *
				Malevkian	357.6 *
				Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli				Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian			Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian			Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian			Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian			Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		Jaani	433.4
		Telychian			Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian			Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian			Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian			Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian			Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5			443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5			445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
		Stage 10					Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian					Festiniogian	489.5
		Jiangshanian					Maentwrogian	493.1 *
		Paibian					Maentwrogian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4			St Davids		497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4					500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3			Caerfai		509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1					529
											538.8