PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Eastern North America		Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of North America		Silurian of the Baltic	Silurian of England		Ordovician of Britain				Permian of the Salt Range
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6														0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Calabrian															0.774
		Gelasian															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian															2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5														11.63
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian															15.98
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3														33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3														37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2														41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1														56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8														66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7														72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6														83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4														100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3														113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2														121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2														125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1														132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6														145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5														149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4														165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4														168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3														174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2														184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1														192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4														201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4														208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1														247.2
		Induan															251.2
		Induan														Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4													Kathwai	251.902
																	252.4 *
																Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian														Chhidru	254.14
																Kalabagh	255 *
																Wargal	256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian															259.51
		Wordian															264.28
																	265.3 *
				Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian	Permian 3	Amb	266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2		273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5		Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5		Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4		Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4		Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		Southwoodian		Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					Ohesaare	Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
								Ohesaare		Bringewood/Elton	421.3
								Kaugetuma		Bringewood/Elton	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Kuressaare	Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Ludfordian						Paadla		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423.4 *
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian								Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Rootsikula		Buildwas	427.4
								Rootsikula	Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
								Jaagarahu			429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian						Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian						Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					Jaani			433.4
								Adavere			434 *
											436.3 *
		Aeronian									438.5
									Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
								Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian						Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian						Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5								Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian										Rawtheyan	445.2
												Cautleyan	448.9 *
												Pusgillian	449.3 *
											Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
												Cheneyan		451.5 *
												Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4											453
													Actonian †	453.2 *
													Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
													Longvillian †		455.2 *
												Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
												Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3								Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian	Ordovician 3									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian									Arenig	Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										Fennian			470
												Whitlandian			471.1 *
												Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1								Tremadoc	Migneintian			477.7
											Tremadoc	Cressagian			480.8 *
															485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5												Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10														Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian		489.5												Sunwaptan
		Jiangshanian		Steptoean												493 *
		Paibian		Steptoean												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4	Marjumian											Albertian †	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4	Marjumian												500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3	Topazan												504.5
		Wuliuan		Delamaran												506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Delamaran											Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4		Dyeran												511 *
		Stage 3	Cambrian 2	Dyeran												514
				Montezuman												514.8 *
				Begadean												519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1			529
																	538.8