PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Eastern North America		Silurian of the Baltic	Permian of North America		Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian Epochs	Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian Subages of Germany	Carboniferous Subepochs	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6														0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Calabrian															0.774
		Gelasian															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian															2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian															5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5														11.63
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian															15.98
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4												Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4												Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3												Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian		33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3												Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan		37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2														41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2													Bumbanian	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1												Gashatan		56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8														66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7														72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6														83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4														100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3														113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2														121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2														125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1														132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6														145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5														149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4														165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4														168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3														174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2														184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1														192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4														201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4														208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3														227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2														237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2														242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1														247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1														251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4										Buntsandstein				251.902
		Wuchiapingian															254.14
		Wuchiapingian							Tatarian	Vyatkian							256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian			Severodvinian			Ohre/Aller				259.51
		Wordian					Wordian			Urzhumian			Leine				264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3				Roadian		Kazanian	Povolzhian							266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3				Roadian		Kazanian	Sokian							270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2				Leonardian	Cathedralian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian							273.01
										Filipovian							276.5 *
										Saraninian							280.1 *
				Hessian	281.9 *					Saraninian
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian		283.5
						Irginian		285.9 *
				Wolfcampian		Irginian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
						Burtsevian		287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian	Permian 1		Nealian	Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
							Uskalykian	294.8
							Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5					Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5					Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4					Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4					Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5					Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4					West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3					Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3					Southwoodian		Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1								407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2								Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli										Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian									Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian									Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Rootsikula	Gleedonian		427.4
											Jaagarahu	Gleedonian		429.2 *
												Whitwellian		429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian												430.5
		Sheinwoodian									Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1								Jaani			433.4
		Telychian									Adavere			434 *
		Aeronian									Adavere			438.5
		Aeronian									Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian									Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian									Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5											443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5											445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4											453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3											458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2											467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2											470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1											477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5											Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4											Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4												500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3												504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3											Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2												514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1												529
																	538.8