PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian of China	Ordovician of China			Carboniferous Subepochs	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Ordovician of Britain				Permian of the Salt Range
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6															0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																0.0117
		Chibanian																0.129
		Calabrian																0.774
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian																2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5															11.63
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian																15.98
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4															23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3															33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3															37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2															41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2															47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1															56
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8															66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7															72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6															83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4															100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3															113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2															121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2															125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1															132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6															145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5															149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4															165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4															168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3															174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2															184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1															192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1															199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4															201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4															208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3															227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2															237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2															242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1															247.2
		Induan																251.2
		Induan															Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			Meishanian											Kathwai	251.902
																		252.4 *
																	Chhidru	252.9 *
						Baoqingian												253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian												254.14
																	Kalabagh	255 *
																	Wargal	256 *
						Laibinian												257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan												259.51
		Wordian		Kuhfengian	264.28
						265.3 *
					Amb	266.1 *
		Roadian	Permian 3		Amb	266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2	Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian		Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian		Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian		Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	Zisongian		293.52
		Asselian	Permian 1			Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5				Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
								300.1
						Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
								Stephanian B	300.9 *
								Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian						Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian						Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4				Middle Pennsylvanian	Cantabrian	307
						Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
								Westphalian C	309.8
								Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	Westphalian B	315.2
								Westphalian A	317 *
						Namurian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
								Marsdenian	320.2 *
								Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
								Alportian	322 *
								Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3				Late Mississippian	Chokierian	323.2
								Arnsbergian	324 *
								Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			Middle Mississippian	Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
							Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
							Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1			Early Mississippian	Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1			Early Mississippian	Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4			West Fallsian/Sonyean				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan				Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3			Southwoodian				Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian				Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1								407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1								433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5								Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian									Chientangkiangian				Rawtheyan	445.2
															Cautleyan	448.9 *
															Pusgillian	449.3 *
											Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				Pusgillian	449.5
														Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
															Cheneyan		451.5 *
															Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4														453
																Actonian †	453.2 *
																Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
																Longvillian †		455.2 *
															Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
															Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3								Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
												Guniu †/Hulo			Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
					Hunjiang †							Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2								Dapingian		467.3
		Dapingian									Dapingian		Arenig	Fennian	468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Yiyangian			Fennian	470
														Whitlandian	471.1 *
														Moridunian	474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1								Xinchangian		Tremadoc	Migneintian	477.7
												Lianghekou †		Migneintian	477.9 *
				Cressagian										480.8 *
														485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5											485.4
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4											497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4											500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3											509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1											529
																		538.8