PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 2 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian of the Salt Range	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Carboniferous Subepochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Permian of North America		Permian Subages of Germany	Cambrian Epochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6												0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian													0.129
		Calabrian													0.774
		Gelasian													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Yushean					2.58
		Zanclean								Yushean					3.6
		Zanclean								Baodean					4.9
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Tortonian								Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5							Tunggurian					11.63
		Langhian								Shanwangian					13.82
		Burdigalian								Shanwangian					15.98
		Burdigalian								Xiejiaan					16.9
		Aquitanian								Xiejiaan					20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4												23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3												33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3												37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2												41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2												47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1												56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8												66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7												72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6												83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4												100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3												113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2												121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2												125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1												132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6												145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5												149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4												165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4												168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3												174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2												184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1												192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4												201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4												208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3												227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2												237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2												242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1												247.2
		Induan													251.2
		Induan				Kathwai									251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4			Kathwai		Dorashamian					Buntsandstein		251.902
															252.4 *
						Chhidru									252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian				Chhidru		Dzhulfian							254.14
						Kalabagh									255 *
						Wargal									256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Midian	Capitanian		Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian			Wordian		Leine	264.28
								265.3 *
						Amb		266.1 *
				Murgabian				266.2 *
		Roadian	Permian 3		Roadian			266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3		Roadian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2	Kubergandian	Leonardian			Cathedralian	273.01
				Bolorian				Cathedralian	279.8
								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							283.5
				Yakhtashian					286
				Yakhtashian	Wolfcampian			Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian				Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1	Asselian				Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5		Late Pennsylvanian						298.9
		Gzhelian									Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian									Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian								Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4		Middle Pennsylvanian						307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian						315.2
										Huashibanian	318.5 *
										Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		Dewunian					Late Mississippian	323.2
		Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3		Shangsian					Late Mississippian	330.8 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		Shangsian					Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		Jiusian					Middle Mississippian	335 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		Tangbagouan					Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		West Fallsian/Sonyean							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan							Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		Southwoodian							Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		Sawkillian/Deer Parkian							Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1										407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1										433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5										443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5										445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3										458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2										467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2										470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1										477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5										Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4										Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4											500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3										Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1											529
															538.8