PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6					Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian									0.0042
		Greenlandian									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene				0.129
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene		Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian					Early Pleistocene		Castlecliffian		0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian							Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian							Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Late Pliocene		Mangapanian		2.58
		Piacenzian					Late Pliocene		Waipipian		3
		Zanclean					Early Pliocene		Waipipian		3.6
		Zanclean					Early Pliocene		Opoitian		3.7
	Miocene	Messinian					Late Miocene	Taranaki	Kapitean		5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian							Tongaporutuan		7.246
		Tortonian						Southland	Waiauan		11.04
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5				Middle Miocene		Waiauan		11.63
		Serravallian							Lillburnian		13.05
		Langhian							Lillburnian		13.82
									Clifdenian		15.1
								Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian					Early Miocene		Altonian		15.98
		Burdigalian							Otaian		18.7
		Aquitanian							Otaian		20.44
		Aquitanian						Landon	Waitakian		21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4		MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25	Late Oligocene		Waitakian		23.03
									Duntroonian		25.2
									Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian			MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21		Early Oligocene				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3		MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		Late Eocene				33.9
								Arnold	Runangan		34.6
									Kaiatan		36.7
		Bartonian			MP 16		Middle Eocene		Kaiatan		37.71
		Bartonian			MP 16				Bortonian		39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2		MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11				Bortonian		41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
									Heretaungan		45.7
		Ypresian			MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7		Early Eocene		Heretaungan		47.8
									Mangaorapan		48.9
									Waipawan		52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		MP 6	MP 1 - 5	Late Paleocene		Teurian		56
		Selandian					Middle Paleocene				59.2
		Danian					Early Paleocene				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8					Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7						Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6						Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
									Mangaotanean		90.5
									Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5						Arowhanan		93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
									Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4						Motuan		100.5
									Urutawan		103.3
								Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3						Korangan		113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3								117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2								121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2								125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1								132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4					251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						259.51
		Wordian						264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2					273.01
		Artinskian						283.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5					298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5					303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4					307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3					323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2					330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3					Srbsko		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3					Chotec		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2					Daleje/Zlichovian		393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1					Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †			443.8
		Katian			Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †			445.2
		Katian			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					449.5
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo				458.4
		Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo			466.3 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2		Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2		Yiyangian					470
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Xinchangian					477.7
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		Xinchangian		Lianghekou †			477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4						497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4						500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1	529
											538.8