PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Devonian of Germany	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian of the Salt Range	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6			Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian					3
		Zanclean					Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5				Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian					13.82
							Clifdenian					15.1
						Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4				Waitakian		Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian		23.03
							Duntroonian					25.2
							Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian							Kekeamuan			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3						Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian			33.9
						Arnold	Runangan					34.6
							Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan		Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan			37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2				Bortonian					41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
							Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan			Bumbanian		47.8
							Mangaorapan					48.9
							Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1				Teurian		Gashatan			56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8			Mata	Haumurian					66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7				Haumurian					72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6				Piripauan					83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
							Mangaotanean					90.5
							Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5				Arowhanan					93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
							Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4				Motuan					100.5
							Urutawan					103.3
						Taitai	Korangan					108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3				Korangan					113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3									117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2									125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6		Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5		Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan		150
						Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Callovian				Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2			Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2			Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4		Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian				Warepan		208.5
						Otamitan		217
						Oretian		221
		Carnian	Triassic 3			Oretian		227
		Carnian	Triassic 3		Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2			Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian				Etalian		238
		Anisian				Etalian		242
		Anisian				Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1			Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian				Nelsonian		249
		Induan				Nelsonian		251.2
		Induan			Kathwai	DUrville		Makarewan			251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4		Kathwai						251.902
											252.4 *
					Chhidru						252.9 *
								Waiitian			253.2
		Wuchiapingian						Waiitian			254.14
								Puruhauan			254.2
					Kalabagh						255 *
					Wargal						256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Aparima		Flettian			259.51
		Wordian									264.28
											265.3 *
								Barettian		266
					Amb				266.1 *
		Roadian	Permian 3		Amb				266.9
		Roadian	Permian 3						270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2						273.01
		Kungurian						Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian						Mangapirian	283.5
								Telfordian	285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3						323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2						330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5				Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4				Adorf		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3				Srbsko		Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3				Chotec		Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				Daleje/Zlichovian		Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1	Pragian			Siegen		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	Lochkovian			Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1						433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5						443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5						445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4						Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4							500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3							504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3						Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2							514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1							529
												538.8