PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Devonian of France	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Central Paratethys Stages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6									Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian													0.0042
		Greenlandian													0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian				0.0117
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene					0.129
		Chibanian								Middle Pleistocene			Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian								Early Pleistocene			Castlecliffian		0.774
		Calabrian											Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian											Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian											Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								Late Pliocene	Yushean		Mangapanian		2.58
		Piacenzian								Late Pliocene			Waipipian		3
		Zanclean								Early Pliocene			Waipipian		3.6
													Opoitian		3.7
											Baodean		Opoitian		4.9
	Miocene	Messinian								Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean		5.333
		Messinian											Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian											Tongaporutuan	Pannonian	7.246
												Southland	Waiauan		11.04
											Tunggurian				11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5							Middle Miocene				Sarmatian	11.63
														Badenian	12.8 *
													Lillburnian	Badenian	13.05
		Langhian									Shanwangian		Lillburnian		13.82
													Clifdenian		15.1
												Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian								Early Miocene					15.98
											Xiejiaan				16.9
													Otaian		18.7
		Aquitanian											Otaian		20.44
		Aquitanian										Landon	Waitakian		21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4			MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25			Late Oligocene			Waitakian		23.03
													Duntroonian		25.2
													Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian				MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21				Early Oligocene					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3			MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A				Late Eocene					33.9
												Arnold	Runangan		34.6
													Kaiatan		36.7
		Bartonian				MP 16				Middle Eocene			Kaiatan		37.71
		Bartonian				MP 16							Bortonian		39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2			MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11							Bortonian		41.2
												Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
													Heretaungan		45.7
		Ypresian				MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7				Early Eocene			Heretaungan		47.8
													Mangaorapan		48.9
													Waipawan		52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1			MP 6	MP 1 - 5			Late Paleocene			Teurian		56
		Selandian								Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian								Early Paleocene					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8									Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7										Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6										Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian										Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
													Mangaotanean		90.5
													Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5										Arowhanan		93.9
												Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
													Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4										Motuan		100.5
													Urutawan		103.3
												Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3										Korangan		113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3		117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2		121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2		125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1		132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4					Melekhovian	Meishanian			251.902
		Changhsingian							Baoqingian			253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian							Laoshanian			254.14
		Wuchiapingian							Laibinian			257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Lengwuan			259.51
		Wordian							Kuhfengian			264.28
		Wordian						Noginskian				264.9 *
		Roadian	Permian 3									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2						Luodianian		273.01
		Kungurian						Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
		Artinskian									283.5
									Longlinian		285.4 *
								Rusavkinian			287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1						Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5						Zisongian		Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian										300.1
		Kasimovian						Dorogomilovian				303.7
								Khamovnikian				304.8
								Krevyakinian				305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4					Myachkovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
								Podolskian				308.9 *
								Kashirian				311.4 *
								Vereian				313.8
						Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian				Melekessian		Early Pennsylvanian			315.2
						Cheremshanian	316.9 *
						Prikamian	318.6 *
						Severokeltmian	319.9 *
						Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
						Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			Zapaltjubian	Late Mississippian	323.2
						Protvian		324.4 *
						Steshevian		326.8 *
						Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			Venevian	Middle Mississippian	330.9
						Mikhailovian		331.9 *
						Aleksinian		333.7 *
						Tulian		335.8 *
						Bobrikian		339.9 *
						Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kosvian		Early Mississippian	346.7
				Kizelian			350.7 *
				Cherepetian			351.9 *
				Karakubian			354.4 *
				Upinian			356.3 *
				Malevkian	357.6 *
				Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3	Givetian			Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3	Couvinien			Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1				Pragian	407.6
		Pragian		Coblencien			Pragian	408.2 *
		Lochkovian		Gedinnine			Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5					443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5					445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5					485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4					497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4					500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3					509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2					514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1					529
															538.8