PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Carboniferous of North America	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6									0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Calabrian										0.774
		Gelasian										1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian										2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean										3.6
	Miocene	Messinian										5.333
		Tortonian										7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5									11.63
		Langhian										13.82
		Burdigalian										15.98
		Aquitanian										20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3									33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3									37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2									41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1									56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8									66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7									72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6									83.6
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4									100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3									113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2									121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2									125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1									132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6									145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5									149.2
		Oxfordian										154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4									165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4									168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3									174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2									184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1									192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4									201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4									208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3									227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2									237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2									242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1									247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1									251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4								Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian									Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian									Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian									Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian									Kuhfengian	264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3								Kuhfengian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2								Luodianian	273.01
		Artinskian									Luodianian	283.5
		Artinskian									Longlinian	285.4 *
		Sakmarian		290.1							Longlinian
		Asselian	Permian 1	Bursumian †	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5	Virgilian	Zisongian	298.9
		Gzhelian		Virgilian		300.1
		Kasimovian		Missourian		303.7
		Kasimovian		Desmoinesian		305.9 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	Desmoinesian		307
		Moscovian		Atokan		312.7 *
		Bashkirian		Atokan		315.2
		Bashkirian		Morrowan		318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	Chesterian		323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2	Chesterian		330.9
				Meramecian		335.8 *
				Osagean		343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Osagean		346.7
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kinderhookian		351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4			West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3			Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1					407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1					433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5					Kosovian	443.8
		Katian						Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian						Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4							453
										Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
									Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3									458.4
								Dobrotivian				458.5 *
								Oretanian				459.7 *
									Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2						Klabava †			467.3
		Dapingian						Arenigian				468
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Arenigian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1					Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5									485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4									497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4									500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3									504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3									509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2									514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1									529
												538.8