PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of China	Cenozoic Subepochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Carboniferous Subepochs	Central Paratethys Stages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6					Wanganui	Haweran			0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian					0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene			Castlecliffian			0.34
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene			Castlecliffian			0.774
		Calabrian							Nukumaruan			1.63
		Gelasian							Nukumaruan			1.8
		Gelasian							Mangapanian			2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Late Pliocene	Yushean		Mangapanian			2.58
		Piacenzian				Late Pliocene			Waipipian			3
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene			Waipipian			3.6
									Opoitian			3.7
							Baodean		Opoitian			4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean			5.333
		Messinian							Tongaporutuan			7.2
		Tortonian							Tongaporutuan		Pannonian	7.246
								Southland	Waiauan			11.04
							Tunggurian					11.1
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5			Middle Miocene					Sarmatian	11.63
											Badenian	12.8 *
									Lillburnian		Badenian	13.05
		Langhian					Shanwangian		Lillburnian			13.82
									Clifdenian			15.1
								Pareora	Altonian			15.9
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene						15.98
							Xiejiaan					16.9
									Otaian			18.7
		Aquitanian							Otaian			20.44
		Aquitanian						Landon	Waitakian			21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4			Late Oligocene			Waitakian			23.03
									Duntroonian			25.2
									Whaingaroan			27.3
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3			Late Eocene						33.9
								Arnold	Runangan			34.6
									Kaiatan			36.7
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene			Kaiatan			37.71
		Bartonian							Bortonian			39.1
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2						Bortonian			41.2
								Dannevirke	Porangan			42.6
									Heretaungan			45.7
		Ypresian				Early Eocene			Heretaungan			47.8
									Mangaorapan			48.9
									Waipawan			52
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1			Late Paleocene			Teurian			56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8					Mata	Haumurian			66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7						Haumurian			72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6						Piripauan			83.6
		Santonian						Raukumara	Teratan			86.1
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
									Mangaotanean			90.5
									Arowhanan			93.7
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5						Arowhanan			93.9
								Clarence	Ngaterian			95.2
									Motuan			99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4						Motuan			100.5
									Urutawan			103.3
								Taitai	Korangan			108.4
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3						Korangan			113
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3		117.5
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2		121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2		125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1		132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6					145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5					149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4					165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4					168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian	Jurassic 3					174.7
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2					184.2
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1					192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4					201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4					208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4					Melekhovian	Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian							Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian							Laoshanian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian							Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian							Kuhfengian	264.28
		Wordian						Noginskian		264.9 *
		Roadian	Permian 3							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2				Luodianian		273.01
		Kungurian						Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
		Artinskian							283.5
							Longlinian		285.4 *
								Rusavkinian	287.6 *
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1				Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5				Zisongian		Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Gzhelian								300.1
		Kasimovian						Dorogomilovian		303.7
								Khamovnikian		304.8
								Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4					Myachkovian	Middle Pennsylvanian	307
								Podolskian		308.9 *
								Kashirian		311.4 *
								Vereian		313.8
								Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian						Melekessian	Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
						Cheremshanian		316.9 *
						Prikamian		318.6 *
						Severokeltmian		319.9 *
						Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
						Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			Zapaltjubian		Late Mississippian	323.2
						Protvian			324.4 *
						Steshevian			326.8 *
						Tarusian			329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2			Venevian		Middle Mississippian	330.9
						Mikhailovian			331.9 *
						Aleksinian			333.7 *
						Tulian			335.8 *
						Bobrikian			339.9 *
						Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kosvian		Early Mississippian		346.7
				Kizelian				350.7 *
				Cherepetian				351.9 *
				Karakubian				354.4 *
				Upinian				356.3 *
				Malevkian	357.6 *
				Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1			407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1			433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5			443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5			445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5			485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4			497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4			500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3			509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1			529
												538.8