PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Permian of Western Europe	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian Epochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6							0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Calabrian								0.774
		Gelasian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean								3.6
	Miocene	Messinian								5.333
		Tortonian								7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5							11.63
		Langhian								13.82
		Burdigalian								15.98
		Aquitanian								20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4		Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4		Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3		Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian					33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3		Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan					37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2							41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2			Bumbanian				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1		Gashatan					56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8							66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7							72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6							83.6
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4							100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3							113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2							121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2							125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1							132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1							139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6				Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5				Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
							Kawhia	Ohauan		150
								Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian								154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
		Callovian						Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4							165.3
		Bajocian	Jurassic 4							168.2
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
		Toarcian					Herangi	Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2					Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2					Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1							192.9
		Hettangian	Jurassic 1							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4				Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian						Warepan		208.5
								Otamitan		217
								Oretian		221
		Carnian	Triassic 3					Oretian		227
		Carnian	Triassic 3				Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2					Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian						Etalian		238
		Anisian						Etalian		242
		Anisian						Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1					Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian						Nelsonian		249
		Induan		251.2				Nelsonian
		Induan		DUrville			Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4				Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian					Waiitian	Zechstein	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Puruhauan	Zechstein	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Rotliegendes			Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian						Flettian	264.28
		Wordian						Barettian	266
		Roadian	Permian 3						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2						273.01
		Kungurian						Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian		Autunian				Mangapirian	283.5
								Telfordian	285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5						298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5						303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4						307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3			323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2		330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2		393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1		407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5		445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5		Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4		Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4			500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3			504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3		Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1			529
										538.8