Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
  • M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
  • J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
  • B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleTen Million Year BinsPermo-Triassic Subages of Eastern EuropeCambrian of BritainAmmonite Chrons of North AmericaCambrian of West AvaloniaMesozoic SubagesPermian of Western EuropeNorth American Mammal Subages/ZonesOrdovician of China
QuaternaryHoloceneMeghalayanCenozoic 60
Northgrippian0.0042
Greenlandian0.0082
PleistoceneLate PleistoceneSheridanian0.0117
Chibanian0.129
Cudahyan/Sappan0.21
Calabrian0.774
Senecan/Rexroadian1.4
Gelasian1.8
NeogenePliocenePiacenzian2.58
Zanclean3.6
Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian4.7
MioceneMessinian5.333
Tortonian7.246
Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian9.4
SerravallianCenozoic 511.63
late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian12.5
Langhian13.82
Burdigalian15.98
Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian16.3
late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early ArikareeanHarrisonian18.5
Aquitanian20.44
PaleogeneOligoceneChattianCenozoic 423.03
Monroecreekian23.1 *
Geringian24.7 *
Rupelian27.82
29.5
EocenePriabonianCenozoic 3Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian33.9
37
Bartonian37.71
Late Uintan/Early Uintan39.7
LutetianCenozoic 241.2
Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian46.2
Ypresian47.8
Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean50.5
Cf3/Cf2/Cf154.9
PaleoceneThanetianCenozoic 156
Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti156.2
Selandian59.2
To3/To2/To160.9
Danian61.6
Pu3/Pu2/Pu163.8
CretaceousLate CretaceousMaastrichtianCretaceous 8Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian66
CampanianCretaceous 7Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian72.1
SantonianCretaceous 6Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian83.6
ConiacianLate Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian86.3
TuronianLate Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian89.8
CenomanianCretaceous 5Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian93.9
Early CretaceousAlbianCretaceous 4Late Albian100.5
Middle Albian106.2 *
Early Albian109.9 *
AptianCretaceous 3Late Aptian113
Early Aptian119.5 *
BarremianCretaceous 2Late Barremian/Early Barremian121.4
HauterivianLate Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian125.77
ValanginianCretaceous 1Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian132.6
BerriasianLate Berriasian139.8
Middle Berriasian140.6 *
Early Berriasian142.7 *
JurassicLate JurassicTithonianJurassic 6Late TithonianMiddle Tithonian145
Early Tithonian146.3 *
KimmeridgianJurassic 5Late Kimmeridgian149.2
Early Kimmeridgian152.2 *
OxfordianLate OxfordianMiddle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian154.8
157.9 *
Middle JurassicCallovianLate Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian161.5
BathonianJurassic 4Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian165.3
BajocianEpizigzagicerasLate Bajocian168.2
Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense168.4
Early Bajocian168.6 *
AalenianJurassic 3Howelli/Scissum/WestermanniLate Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian170.9
Early JurassicToarcianYakounensis/Hillebrandti/CrassicostaLate Toarcian174.7
Planulata179.3 *
Arnioceras arnouldi179.8 *
Middle Toarcian180.4 *
Kanense181.3 *
Carlottense182.3 *
Early Toarcian182.9 *
Kunae183.5 *
PliensbachianJurassic 2Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian184.2
Freboldi185.1 *
Whiteavesi/ImlayiTetraspidoceras186.2 *
189.2 *
Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/CoronicerasCanadensis190.3 *
SinemurianJurassic 1Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian192.9
PseudaetomocerasPsiloceras196.4 *
Franziceras/Euphyllites196.5 *
HettangianLate Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian199.5
TriassicLate TriassicRhaetianTriassic 4201.4
NorianSevatian208.5
Alaunian213.2 *
Lacian216.7 *
CarnianTriassic 3Tuvalian227
Julian233.4 *
Middle TriassicLadinianTriassic 2Longobardian237
Fassanian239.7 *
AnisianIllyrian242
Pelsonian243.8 *
Bithynian244.7 *
Aegean245.5 *
Early TriassicOlenekianTriassic 1VokhmianSpathian247.2
Smithian248.9 *
InduanDienerian251.2
Griesbachian251.4 *
PermianLopingianChanghsingianPermian 4251.902
WuchiapingianLate Vyatkian/Early VyatkianZechstein254.14
GuadalupianCapitanianLate Severodvinian/Early SeverodvinianRotliegendes259.51
WordianLate Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian264.28
RoadianPermian 3Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian266.9
CisuralianKungurianPermian 2273.01
ArtinskianAutunian283.5
Sakmarian290.1
AsselianPermian 1293.52
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelianCarboniferous 5298.9
Kasimovian303.7
MoscovianCarboniferous 4307
Bashkirian315.2
MississippianSerpukhovianCarboniferous 3323.2
ViseanCarboniferous 2330.9
TournaisianCarboniferous 1346.7
DevonianLate DevonianFamennianDevonian 5358.9
FrasnianDevonian 4372.2
Middle DevonianGivetianDevonian 3382.7
Eifelian387.7
Early DevonianEmsianDevonian 2393.3
PragianDevonian 1407.6
Lochkovian410.8
SilurianPridoliSilurian 2419.2
LudlowLudfordian423
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerian427.4
Sheinwoodian430.5
LlandoveryTelychianSilurian 1433.4
Aeronian438.5
Rhuddanian440.8
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianOrdovician 5HirnantianXiaoxita †/ShikouWufeng †443.8
KatianChientangkiangian445.2
Neichianshanian/Hanjiang449.5
SandbianOrdovician 4453
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilianOrdovician 3DarriwilianGuniu †/Hulo458.4
Hunjiang †Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo466.3 *
DapingianOrdovician 2Dapingian467.3
Early OrdovicianFloianYiyangian470
TremadocianOrdovician 1Xinchangian477.7
Lianghekou †477.9 *
CambrianFurongianStage 10Cambrian 5MerionethDolgellian/Trempealeauan485.4
Festiniogian489.2 *
Jiangshanian489.5
Maentwrogian493.1 *
Paibian494
MiaolingianGuzhangianCambrian 4St Davids497
Arcadian498.4
Drumian500.5
WuliuanCambrian 3504.5
Series 2Stage 4CaerfaiBranchian509
Stage 3Cambrian 2514
Placentian517.1
TerreneuvianStage 2521
FortunianCambrian 1529
538.8