PBDB Timescale

Ten Million Year Bins

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 56 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 1 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ten Million Year Bins	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Devonian of Eastern North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan	Cenozoic 6						0
		Northgrippian							0.0042
		Greenlandian							0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene							0.0117
		Chibanian							0.129
		Calabrian							0.774
		Gelasian							1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean							3.6
	Miocene	Messinian							5.333
		Tortonian							7.246
		Serravallian	Cenozoic 5						11.63
		Langhian							13.82
		Burdigalian							15.98
		Aquitanian							20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Cenozoic 4						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Cenozoic 4						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Cenozoic 3						33.9
		Bartonian	Cenozoic 3						37.71
		Lutetian	Cenozoic 2						41.2
		Ypresian	Cenozoic 2						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Cenozoic 1						56
		Selandian							59.2
		Danian							61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian	Cretaceous 8						66
		Campanian	Cretaceous 7						72.1
		Santonian	Cretaceous 6						83.6
		Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian	Cretaceous 5						93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian	Cretaceous 4						100.5
		Aptian	Cretaceous 3						113
		Barremian	Cretaceous 2						121.4
		Hauterivian	Cretaceous 2						125.77
		Valanginian	Cretaceous 1						132.6
		Berriasian	Cretaceous 1						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Jurassic 6						145
		Kimmeridgian	Jurassic 5						149.2
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian	Jurassic 4						165.3
		Bajocian		Epizigzagiceras					168.2
		Bajocian		Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense					168.4
		Aalenian	Jurassic 3	Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta					174.7
				Planulata					179.3 *
				Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi			179.8 *
				Kanense					181.3 *
				Carlottense					182.3 *
				Kunae					183.5 *
		Pliensbachian	Jurassic 2	Kunae					184.2
				Freboldi					185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras				186.2 *
					Tetraspidoceras				189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis				190.3 *
		Sinemurian	Jurassic 1						192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras			196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Triassic 4						201.4
		Norian	Triassic 4						208.5
		Carnian	Triassic 3						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian	Triassic 2						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian	Triassic 2						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Triassic 1				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan	Triassic 1				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Permian 4				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
		Roadian	Permian 3				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2				273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian	Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5				298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5				303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4				307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3				323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2				330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5				Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4				West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3				Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3				Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1						407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1						433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5						443.8
		Katian	Ordovician 5						445.2
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	Ordovician 2						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ordovician 2						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Ordovician 1						477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5						485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Cambrian 4						497
		Drumian	Cambrian 4						500.5
		Wuliuan	Cambrian 3						504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Cambrian 3						509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Cambrian 2						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Cambrian 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	Cambrian 1						529
									538.8