International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | North American Land Mammal Ages | Devonian of Germany | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | |
| Santarosean | 0.0004 | ||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | ||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | ||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | |||
| Rancholabrean | 0.014 | ||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | ||||
| Irvingtonian | 0.21 | ||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | ||||
| Blancan | 1.4 | ||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | ||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | ||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | ||||
| Hemphillian | 4.7 | ||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | |||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | ||||
| Clarendonian | 9.4 | ||||
| Serravallian | 11.63 | ||||
| Barstovian | 12.5 | ||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | ||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | ||||
| Hemingfordian | 16.3 | ||||
| Arikareean | 18.5 | ||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | ||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | ||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | ||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | ||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | 33.9 | ||
| Duchesnean | 37 | ||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | ||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | ||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | ||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | ||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | ||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | ||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | |||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | ||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | ||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | ||||
| Danian | 61.6 | ||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | ||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | ||
| Campanian | 72.1 | ||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | ||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | ||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | |||
| Aptian | 113 | ||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | ||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | ||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | ||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | |||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | ||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | ||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | ||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | ||
| Norian | 208.5 | ||||
| Carnian | 227 | ||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | |||
| Anisian | 242 | ||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | |||
| Induan | 251.2 | ||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | ||
| Wuchiapingian | 254.14 | ||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | 259.51 | |||
| Wordian | 264.28 | ||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | ||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | |||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | ||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | ||||
| Asselian | 293.52 | ||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | ||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | ||||
| Moscovian | 307 | ||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | ||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | |||
| Visean | 330.9 | ||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | ||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden | 358.9 | |
| Frasnian | Adorf | 372.2 | |||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||
| Eifelian | Eifelian | 387.7 | |||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Emsian | 393.3 | ||
| Pragian | Siegen | 407.6 | |||
| Lochkovian | Gedinnine | 410.8 | |||
| 419.2 | |||||