International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 128360 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | European Faunal Zones | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | European Faunal Units | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Pleistocene | Gelasian | MN 17 | 1.8 | |||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | MN 16 | Villanyian | 2.58 | ||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | ||||||||
| MN 15 | 3.2 | ||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | ||||||||
| MN 14 | 4.2 | ||||||||
| MN 13 | 4.9 | ||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | 5.333 | ||||||
| Tortonian | MN 12 | 7.246 | |||||||
| MN 11 | 7.75 | ||||||||
| MN 10 | Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||
| MN 9 | 9.7 | ||||||||
| MN 7 + 8 | 11.1 | ||||||||
| Serravallian | Astaracian | 11.63 | |||||||
| MN 6 | 12.8 * | ||||||||
| Langhian | MN 5 | 13.82 | |||||||
| Burdigalian | MN 4 | Orleanian | 15.98 | ||||||
| MN 3 | 16.9 | ||||||||
| MN 2 | Agenian | 20 | |||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | ||||||||
| MN 1 | 22.4 | ||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||||
| Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | |||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | ||||||
| Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | |||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | |||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Gashatan | 56 | ||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | ||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | ||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | ||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | ||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | |||||||
| Aptian | 113 | ||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||
| Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | |||||||
| Humphresianum | 168.4 | ||||||||
| Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | |||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | |||||
| 180.1 | |||||||||
| Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | |||||||
| Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | |||||||
| Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | |||||||
| 201.4 | |||||||||