PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127057 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Cambrian of Australia	Silurian of the Baltic	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Permian of the Pamirs	Obsolete Precambrian Ages	Cambrian of China
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian											23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian											27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian												33.9
				Bartonian	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan												37.71
				Lutetian													41.2
				Ypresian		Bumbanian											47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian	Gashatan												56
				Selandian													59.2
				Danian													61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian													66
				Campanian													72.1
				Santonian													83.6
				Coniacian													86.3
				Turonian													89.8
				Cenomanian													93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian													100.5
				Aptian													113
				Barremian													121.4
				Hauterivian													125.77
				Valanginian													132.6
				Berriasian													139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
				Kimmeridgian													149.2
				Oxfordian													154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
				Bathonian													165.3
				Bajocian													168.2
				Aalenian													170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
				Pliensbachian													184.2
				Sinemurian													192.9
				Hettangian													199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
				Norian													208.5
				Carnian													227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									Dorashamian				251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									Dzhulfian				254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian									Midian				259.51
				Wordian									Midian				264.28
				Wordian									Murgabian				266.2 *
				Roadian									Murgabian				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian									Kubergandian				273.01
				Kungurian									Bolorian				279.8
				Artinskian									Bolorian				283.5
				Artinskian									Yakhtashian				286
				Sakmarian									Sakmarian				290.1
				Asselian									Asselian				293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian													298.9
				Kasimovian													303.7
				Moscovian													307
				Bashkirian													315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian													323.2
				Visean													330.9
				Tournaisian													346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian													358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian													372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian					Srbsko								382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Chotec								387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian					Daleje/Zlichovian								393.3
				Pragian					Pragian								407.6
Lochkovian				Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli		Ohesaare				419.2
		Pridoli		Kaugetuma				421.7 *
		Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare				423
			Ludfordian	Paadla				423.4 *
			Gorstian	Paadla				425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula		427.4
			Homerian	Jaagarahu	429.2 *
			Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu	430.5
			Sheinwoodian	Jaani	431.8 *
		Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani	433.4
			Telychian	Adavere	434 *
			Aeronian	Adavere	438.5
			Aeronian	Raikkula	439.4 *
			Rhuddanian	Raikkula	440.8
			Rhuddanian	Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Bolindian	443.8
			Katian		Bolindian	445.2
					Eastonian	449 *
					Gisbornian	452 *
			Sandbian		Gisbornian	453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian	458.4
			Dapingian		Yapeenian	467.3
			Dapingian		Castlemainian	468.5 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian		Chewtonian	470
					Bendigonian	471.8 *
					Lancefieldian	473.5 *
			Tremadocian		Lancefieldian	477.7
			Tremadocian		Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10		Datsonian			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
					Payntonian				Dolgellian/Trempealeauan			486.8 *
					Payntonian				Festiniogian			489.2 *
			Jiangshanian		Iverian				Festiniogian	Jiangshanian		489.5
			Jiangshanian		Iverian				Maentwrogian	Jiangshanian		493.1 *
			Paibian		Idamean					Paibian		494
			Paibian		Idamean					Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Mindyallan			St Davids		Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
			Guzhangian		Boomerangian					Guzhangian		499
			Drumian		Undillan					Drumian		500.5
	Floran		Drumian		503					Drumian
	Wuliuan		Templetonian		Wuliuan/Taijangian						504.5
	Wuliuan		Ordian		Wuliuan/Taijangian						507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4	Ordian		Caerfai			Duyunian			509
		Stage 4						Duyunian			510.8 *
		Stage 3						Nangaoian			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Meishucunian			521
		Fortunian						Meishucunian			529
		Fortunian						Jinnigian			530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †		Poundian †	Vendian	538.8
		Ediacaran										Vendian †		Wonokan †	Vendian	571.7 *
		Cryogenian														635
		Tonian											720
		Tonian											Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian											Karatau		1000
		Stenian											Yurmatian		1100
		Ectasian											Yurmatian		1200
		Ectasian											Burzyan		1375
																	1400