PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126973 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cretaceous Subepochs	Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian Epochs	Carboniferous of North America
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian								0.0117
				Chibanian									0.129
				Calabrian									0.774
				Gelasian									1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Yushean								2.58
				Zanclean	Yushean								3.6
				Zanclean	Baodean								4.9
			Miocene	Messinian									5.333
				Tortonian									7.246
				Tortonian	Tunggurian								11.1
				Serravallian	Tunggurian								11.63
				Langhian	Shanwangian								13.82
				Burdigalian	Shanwangian								15.98
				Burdigalian	Xiejiaan								16.9
				Aquitanian	Xiejiaan								20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian		MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25						23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian		MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25						27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian		MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A							33.9
				Bartonian		MP 16							37.71
				Lutetian		MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11							41.2
				Ypresian		MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7							47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian		MP 6	MP 1 - 5						56
				Selandian									59.2
				Danian									61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Senonian					66
				Campanian									72.1
				Santonian									83.6
				Coniacian									86.3
				Turonian									89.8
				Cenomanian									93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian				Gallic					100.5
				Aptian									113
				Barremian									121.4
				Hauterivian				Neocomian					125.77
				Valanginian									132.6
				Berriasian									139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
				Kimmeridgian									149.2
				Oxfordian									154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
				Bathonian									165.3
				Bajocian									168.2
				Aalenian									170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
				Pliensbachian									184.2
				Sinemurian									192.9
				Hettangian									199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
				Norian									208.5
				Carnian									227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan									251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian									251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian									254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
				Wordian									264.28
				Roadian									266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
				Artinskian									283.5
				Sakmarian									290.1
				Asselian								Bursumian †	293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Virgilian	298.9
Xiaodushanian				Gzhelian					300 *			Virgilian
Xiaodushanian				Kasimovian					Missourian	303.7
Dalaun									Missourian	305.8 *
									Desmoinesian	305.9 *
				Moscovian					Desmoinesian	307
				Moscovian					Atokan	312.7 *
				Bashkirian					Atokan	315.2
									Morrowan	318.4 *
Huashibanian										318.5 *
Lousuan										321.2 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Dewunian					Chesterian	323.2
			Serpukhovian	Shangsian						330.8 *
			Visean	Shangsian						330.9
				Jiusian						335 *
									Meramecian	335.8 *
					Osagean				343.1 *
			Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	Osagean				346.7
			Tournaisian	Tangbagouan	Kinderhookian				351.9 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian	427.4
			Homerian			Whitwellian	429.7 *
			Sheinwoodian				430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
			Katian				445.2
			Sandbian				453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian				470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Datsonian	Late Cambrian	485.4
			Stage 10				Payntonian		486.8 *
			Jiangshanian				Iverian		489.5
			Paibian				Idamean		494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Mindyallan	Middle Cambrian	497
			Guzhangian				Boomerangian		499
			Drumian				Undillan		500.5
			Drumian				Floran		503
			Wuliuan				Templetonian		504.5
			Wuliuan				Ordian		507.8 *
		Series 2	Stage 4				Ordian	Early Cambrian	509
			Stage 4						510.8 *
			Stage 3						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran								Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian									635
		Tonian									720
		Tonian								Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian								Karatau	1000
		Stenian								Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian								Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian								Burzyan	1375
													1400