PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126864 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Carboniferous of North America	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of Australia	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of the Salt Range	Cambrian of North America
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Nihewanian									0.0117
				Chibanian										0.129
				Calabrian										0.774
				Gelasian										1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Yushean									2.58
				Zanclean	Yushean									3.6
				Zanclean	Baodean									4.9
			Miocene	Messinian										5.333
				Tortonian										7.246
				Tortonian	Tunggurian									11.1
				Serravallian	Tunggurian									11.63
				Langhian	Shanwangian									13.82
				Burdigalian	Shanwangian									15.98
				Burdigalian	Xiejiaan									16.9
				Aquitanian	Xiejiaan									20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
				Bartonian										37.71
				Lutetian										41.2
				Ypresian										47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian										56
				Selandian										59.2
				Danian										61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
				Campanian										72.1
				Santonian										83.6
				Coniacian										86.3
				Turonian										89.8
				Cenomanian										93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
				Aptian										113
				Barremian										121.4
				Hauterivian										125.77
				Valanginian										132.6
				Berriasian										139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
				Kimmeridgian										149.2
				Oxfordian										154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
				Bathonian										165.3
				Bajocian										168.2
				Aalenian										170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
				Pliensbachian										184.2
				Sinemurian										192.9
				Hettangian										199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
				Norian										208.5
				Carnian										227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian										247.2
				Induan										251.2
				Induan								Kathwai		251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Dorashamian	Kathwai		251.902
														252.4 *
												Chhidru		252.9 *
				Wuchiapingian							Dzhulfian	Chhidru		254.14
												Kalabagh		255 *
												Wargal		256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian							Midian			259.51
				Wordian										264.28
														265.3 *
Amb						266.1 *
						Murgabian	266.2 *
				Roadian			266.9
				Roadian			270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kubergandian	273.01
				Kungurian		Bolorian	279.8
				Artinskian		Bolorian	283.5
				Artinskian		Yakhtashian	286
				Sakmarian		Sakmarian	290.1
				Asselian		Bursumian †	Asselian	293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Virgilian		298.9
				Kasimovian		Missourian		303.7
				Kasimovian		Desmoinesian		305.9 *
				Moscovian		Desmoinesian		307
				Moscovian		Atokan		312.7 *
				Bashkirian	315.2	Atokan
				Bashkirian	Morrowan	318.4 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian	323.2
				Visean	Chesterian	330.9
					Meramecian	335.8 *
					Osagean	343.1 *
				Tournaisian	Osagean	346.7
				Tournaisian	Kinderhookian	351.9 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian		Adorf		372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian		Givetian		382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Eifelian		387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian		Emsian		393.3
				Pragian		Siegen		407.6
				Lochkovian		Gedinnine		410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli			Ohesaare			419.2
			Pridoli			Kaugetuma			421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian		Kuressaare			423
				Ludfordian		Paadla			423.4 *
				Gorstian		Paadla			425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian		Rootsikula			427.4
				Homerian		Jaagarahu			429.2 *
				Sheinwoodian		Jaagarahu			430.5
				Sheinwoodian		Jaani			431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian		Jaani			433.4
				Telychian		Adavere			434 *
				Aeronian		Adavere			438.5
				Aeronian		Raikkula			439.4 *
				Rhuddanian		Raikkula			440.8
				Rhuddanian		Juuru			441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Bolindian	443.8
				Katian					Bolindian	445.2
									Eastonian	449 *
									Gisbornian	452 *
				Sandbian					Gisbornian	453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	458.4
				Dapingian					Yapeenian	467.3
				Dapingian					Castlemainian	468.5 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian					Chewtonian	470
									Bendigonian	471.8 *
	Lancefieldian								473.5 *
	Lancefieldian			Tremadocian					477.7
	Warendian			Tremadocian					482.8 *
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
			Stage 10							Sunwaptan	487.5
			Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan	489.5
			Jiangshanian							Steptoean	493 *
			Paibian							Steptoean	494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Marjumian	Albertian †	497
			Drumian						Marjumian		500.5
			Wuliuan						Topazan		504.5
			Wuliuan						Delamaran		506.5
Series 2		Stage 4	Waucoban †						Delamaran	509
		Stage 4							Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3							Dyeran	514
									Montezuman	514.8 *
									Begadean	519.9 *
Terreneuvian		Stage 2								521
Terreneuvian		Fortunian								529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran							Vendian †	Poundian †			538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran							Vendian †	Wonokan †			571.7 *
														635