PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127681 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Carboniferous of Western Europe		Silurian of North America			Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of Britain		Permian of the Pamirs		Cambrian of China
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Miocene	Tortonian	Pannonian																7.246
				Serravallian	Sarmatian																11.63
				Serravallian	Badenian																12.8 *
				Langhian																	13.82
				Burdigalian																	15.98
				Aquitanian																	20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian																	27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian																	33.9
				Bartonian																	37.71
				Lutetian																	41.2
				Ypresian																	47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian																	56
				Selandian																	59.2
				Danian																	61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
				Campanian																	72.1
				Santonian																	83.6
				Coniacian																	86.3
				Turonian																	89.8
				Cenomanian																	93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
				Aptian																	113
				Barremian																	121.4
				Hauterivian																	125.77
				Valanginian																	132.6
				Berriasian																	139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
				Kimmeridgian																	149.2
				Oxfordian																	154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
				Bathonian																	165.3
				Bajocian																	168.2
				Aalenian																	170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
				Pliensbachian																	184.2
				Sinemurian																	192.9
				Hettangian																	199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																	201.4
				Norian																	208.5
				Carnian																	227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian																	237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian																	242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian																	247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan																	251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														Dorashamian			251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian											Zechstein			Dzhulfian			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian											Rotliegendes			Midian			259.51
				Wordian														Midian			264.28
				Wordian														Murgabian			266.2 *
				Roadian														Murgabian			266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian														Kubergandian			273.01
				Kungurian														Bolorian			279.8
				Artinskian											Autunian			Bolorian			283.5
				Artinskian														Yakhtashian			286
				Sakmarian														Sakmarian			290.1
				Asselian														Asselian			293.52
				Asselian						Kuzel								Asselian			297.7
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Kuzel											298.9
										Stephanian	Stephanian C										300.3 *
											Stephanian B										300.9 *
											Stephanian A										301.4 *
				Kasimovian							Stephanian A										303.7
				Kasimovian							Cantabrian										305 *
Moscovian				307							Cantabrian
				Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
						Westphalian C	309.8
					Westphalian B	314.6
Bashkirian					Westphalian B	315.2
					Westphalian A	317 *
				Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
					Marsdenian	320.2 *
					Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
					Alportian	322 *
					Chokierian	323.1 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian		Chokierian	323.2
					Arnsbergian	324 *
					Pendleian	327.4 *
			Visean	Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
				Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
				Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
			Tournaisian	Ivorian		346.7
			Tournaisian	Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				Cayugan	419.2
		Pridoli				Niagaran	422.5 *
		Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
		Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian				Lockportian	427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian				Ontarian	433.4
			Aeronian					438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
									440.7 *
			Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju		Porkuni			443.8
			Katian					Pirgu			445.2
								Vormsi			449.6 *
								Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
						Viru		Rakvere				450.6 *
								Oandu				452 *
			Sandbian					Keila			Idavere †	453
	Haljala							453.9
	Kukruse							456.4 *
	Uhaku							Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Uhaku	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
	Lasnamagi										458.9 *
	Aseri										460.4 *
	Oeland					Kunda					462.9 *
						Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
						Volkhov					Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian			Volkhov						467.3
			Dapingian			Billingen						469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian									470
								Latorp †				470.1 *
						Hunneberg						473.7 *
			Tremadocian			Hunneberg						477.7
						Varangu						481.3 *
						Pakerort						482.2 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort						Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
													Festiniogian			489.2 *
			Jiangshanian										Festiniogian	Jiangshanian		489.5
			Jiangshanian										Maentwrogian	Jiangshanian		493.1 *
			Paibian											Paibian		494
			Paibian											Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian									St Davids		Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
			Drumian											Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
			Wuliuan											Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4									Caerfai		Duyunian		509
		Series 2	Stage 3											Nangaoian		514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2											Meishucunian		521
			Fortunian											Meishucunian		529
			Fortunian											Jinnigian		530.7
Proterozoic		Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran														Vendian †	Poundian †	Vendian	538.8
			Ediacaran														Vendian †	Wonokan †	Vendian	571.7 *
			Cryogenian																	635
			Tonian		720
			Tonian		Karatau														800
		Mesoproterozoic	Stenian	1000	Karatau
			Stenian	Yurmatian	1100
			Ectasian	Yurmatian	1200
			Ectasian	Burzyan	1375
																					1400