PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127688 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Mammal Paleogene Zones		Devonian of Germany		Permian of the Russian Platform		Devonian Subages	Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous of North America
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25								23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian	MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25								27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian	MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A									33.9
				Bartonian	MP 16									37.71
				Lutetian	MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11									41.2
				Ypresian	MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7									47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian	MP 6	MP 1 - 5								56
				Selandian										59.2
				Danian										61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
				Campanian										72.1
				Santonian										83.6
				Coniacian										86.3
				Turonian										89.8
				Cenomanian										93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
				Aptian										113
				Barremian										121.4
				Hauterivian										125.77
				Valanginian										132.6
				Berriasian										139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
				Kimmeridgian										149.2
				Oxfordian										154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
				Bathonian										165.3
				Bajocian										168.2
				Aalenian										170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
				Pliensbachian										184.2
				Sinemurian										192.9
				Hettangian										199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
				Norian										208.5
				Carnian										227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian										247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan										251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian										251.902
				Wuchiapingian										254.14
				Wuchiapingian					Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian						Severodvinian				259.51
				Wordian						Urzhumian				264.28
				Roadian					Kazanian	Povolzhian				266.9
				Roadian					Kazanian	Sokian				270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian				273.01
										Filipovian				276.5 *
										Saraninian				280.1 *
				Artinskian					Artinskian	Sarginian				283.5
										Irginian				285.9 *
										Burtsevian				287.8 *
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian				290.1
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Tastubian				291.7 *
				Asselian					Asselian	Shikhanian			Bursumian †	293.52
										Uskalykian				294.8
										Surenian				297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Virgilian	298.9
				Kasimovian									Missourian	303.7
				Kasimovian									Desmoinesian	305.9 *
				Moscovian									Desmoinesian	307
				Moscovian									Atokan	312.7 *
				Bashkirian									Atokan	315.2
				Bashkirian									Morrowan	318.4 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Chesterian			323.2
			Visean	Chesterian			330.9
				Meramecian			335.8 *
				Osagean			343.1 *
			Tournaisian	Osagean			346.7
			Tournaisian	Kinderhookian			351.9 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden			Late Famennian	358.9
					Middle Famennian		365.3 *
					Early Famennian		368.5 *
			Frasnian	Adorf	Late Frasnian	372.2
					Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
					Early Frasnian	379.3 *
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian	Late Givetian	382.7
					Middle Givetian	383.7 *
					Early Givetian	385.9 *
			Eifelian	Eifelian	Late Eifelian	387.7
			Eifelian	Eifelian	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
		Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian	Late Emsian	393.3
			Emsian	Emsian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
			Pragian	Siegen	Pragian	407.6
			Lochkovian	Gedinnine	Late Lochkovian	410.8
					Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
			Katian			445.2
			Sandbian			453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian			470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10			Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
	Sunwaptan		Stage 10				487.5
	Sunwaptan		Jiangshanian				489.5
	Steptoean		Jiangshanian				493 *
	Steptoean		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Marjumian			Albertian †	497
		Drumian	Marjumian				500.5
		Wuliuan	Topazan				504.5
		Wuliuan	Delamaran				506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Delamaran			Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4	Dyeran				511 *
		Stage 3	Dyeran				514
			Montezuman				514.8 *
			Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian										635
		Tonian										720
		Tonian							Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian							Karatau	1000
		Stenian							Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian							Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian							Burzyan	1375
														1400