International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 128028 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Permian of Western Europe | Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe | Central Paratethys Stages | Cenozoic Subepochs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | ||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | ||||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | |||||||
| Tortonian | Pannonian | 7.246 | ||||||||
| Serravallian | Sarmatian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | |||||||
| Badenian | 12.8 * | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Late Oligocene | 23.03 | ||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Early Oligocene | 27.82 | |||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Late Eocene | 33.9 | ||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | Middle Eocene | 37.71 | |||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Early Eocene | 47.8 | |||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Late Paleocene | 56 | |||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
| Bajocian | Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites | 168.2 | ||||||||
| Humphresianum | 168.4 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum | 170.9 | ||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons | Thouarsense | 174.7 | ||||||
| 180.1 | ||||||||||
| Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum | 182 | |||||||||
| Pliensbachian | Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni | 184.2 | ||||||||
| Sinemurian | Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi | 192.9 | ||||||||
| Hettangian | Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis | 199.5 | ||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Zechstein | 254.14 | ||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Rotliegendes | 259.51 | |||||||
| Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||||
| Artinskian | Autunian | 283.5 | ||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||||
| 298.9 | ||||||||||