PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian Epochs	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian of the Baltic	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Tatarian	Vyatkian				256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian				259.51
				Wordian					Urzhumian				264.28
				Roadian				Kazanian	Povolzhian				266.9
				Roadian				Kazanian	Sokian				270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian				273.01
									Filipovian				276.5 *
									Saraninian				280.1 *
				Artinskian				Artinskian	Sarginian				283.5
									Irginian				285.9 *
									Burtsevian				287.8 *
				Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian				290.1
				Sakmarian				Sakmarian	Tastubian				291.7 *
				Asselian				Asselian	Shikhanian				293.52
									Uskalykian				294.8
									Surenian				297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
				Kasimovian									303.7
				Moscovian									307
				Bashkirian									315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
				Visean									330.9
				Tournaisian									346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian								Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian								Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian								Emsian	393.3
				Pragian								Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian								Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli								Ohesaare		419.2
			Pridoli								Kaugetuma		421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian							Kuressaare		423
				Ludfordian							Paadla		423.4 *
				Gorstian							Paadla		425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian							Rootsikula		427.4
				Homerian							Jaagarahu		429.2 *
				Sheinwoodian							Jaagarahu		430.5
				Sheinwoodian							Jaani		431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian							Jaani		433.4
				Telychian							Adavere		434 *
				Aeronian							Adavere		438.5
				Aeronian							Raikkula		439.4 *
				Rhuddanian							Raikkula		440.8
				Rhuddanian							Juuru		441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									443.8
				Katian									445.2
				Sandbian									453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian									467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian									470
			Early Ordovician	Tremadocian									477.7
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian								485.4
				Jiangshanian									489.5
				Paibian									494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Middle Cambrian								497
				Guzhangian						Arcadian			498.4
				Drumian									500.5
				Wuliuan									504.5
			Series 2	Stage 4	Early Cambrian					Branchian			509
				Stage 3						Branchian			514
				Stage 3						Placentian			517.1
			Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
			Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian †	Poundian †						538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian †	Wonokan †						571.7 *
													635