PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Carboniferous of Western Europe		Cambrian of North America
Permian	Cisuralian	Asselian						Kuzel				297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Kuzel				298.9
								Stephanian	Stephanian C			300.3 *
									Stephanian B			300.9 *
									Stephanian A			301.4 *
		Kasimovian							Stephanian A			303.7
		Kasimovian							Cantabrian			305 *
		Moscovian							Cantabrian			307
								Westphalian	Westphalian D			307.4 *
									Westphalian C			309.8
									Westphalian B			314.6
		Bashkirian							Westphalian B			315.2
									Westphalian A			317 *
								Namurian	Yeadonian			318.8 *
									Marsdenian			320.2 *
									Kinderscoutian			321.5 *
									Alportian			322 *
									Chokierian			323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Chokierian			323.2
									Arnsbergian			324 *
									Pendleian			327.4 *
		Visean						Warnantian	Brigantian †			330.9
								Livian	Asbian †			336.3 *
								Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian			340.2 *
		Tournaisian						Ivorian				346.7
		Tournaisian						Hastarian				353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Kosovian								443.8
		Katian		Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †							445.2
		Katian		Berounian								449.7 *
		Sandbian										453
						Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †					456.2 *
					Liben †							458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
				Dobrotivian								458.5 *
				Oretanian								459.7 *
					Sarka †							461.7 *
		Dapingian			Klabava †							467.3
		Dapingian		Arenigian								468
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Arenigian								470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Tremadocian								477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Late Cambrian								Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10								Sunwaptan		487.5
		Jiangshanian								Sunwaptan		489.5
		Jiangshanian								Steptoean		493 *
		Paibian								Steptoean		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Middle Cambrian							Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian								Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan								Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan								Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Early Cambrian							Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4								Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3								Dyeran		514
										Montezuman		514.8 *
										Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
												538.8