International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126764 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cambrian Epochs | Permian of Western Europe | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | Ordovician of China | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | |||||
| Rupelian | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | |||||||
| Bartonian | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | Bumbanian | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Gashatan | 56 | |||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Zechstein | 254.14 | ||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Rotliegendes | 259.51 | |||||||
| Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||||
| Artinskian | Autunian | 283.5 | ||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | |||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | 358.9 | |||||||
| Frasnian | 372.2 | |||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||||||||
| Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | 393.3 | ||||||||
| Pragian | 407.6 | |||||||||
| Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | ||||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
| Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Hirnantian | Xiaoxita †/Shikou | Wufeng † | 443.8 | ||||
| Katian | Chientangkiangian | 445.2 | ||||||||
| Neichianshanian/Hanjiang | 449.5 | |||||||||
| Sandbian | 453 | |||||||||
| Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Darriwilian | Guniu †/Hulo | 458.4 | ||||||
| Hunjiang † | Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo | 466.3 * | ||||||||
| Dapingian | Dapingian | 467.3 | ||||||||
| Early Ordovician | Floian | Yiyangian | 470 | |||||||
| Tremadocian | Xinchangian | 477.7 | ||||||||
| Lianghekou † | 477.9 * | |||||||||
| Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Late Cambrian | 485.4 | ||||||
| Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
| Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
| Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Middle Cambrian | 497 | |||||||
| Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
| Wuliuan | 504.5 | |||||||||
| Series 2 | Stage 4 | Early Cambrian | 509 | |||||||
| Stage 3 | 514 | |||||||||
| Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||
| Fortunian | 529 | |||||||||
| 538.8 | ||||||||||