PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Devonian Subages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of China			Permian of the Russian Platform
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Wanganui	Haweran					0
		Northgrippian								0.0042
		Greenlandian								0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
		Chibanian								0.129
		Chibanian			Castlecliffian					0.34
		Calabrian			Castlecliffian					0.774
		Calabrian			Nukumaruan					1.63
		Gelasian			Nukumaruan					1.8
		Gelasian			Mangapanian					2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Mangapanian					2.58
		Piacenzian			Waipipian					3
		Zanclean			Waipipian					3.6
		Zanclean			Opoitian					3.7
	Miocene	Messinian		Taranaki	Kapitean					5.333
		Messinian			Tongaporutuan					7.2
		Tortonian			Tongaporutuan					7.246
		Tortonian		Southland	Waiauan					11.04
		Serravallian			Waiauan					11.63
		Serravallian			Lillburnian					13.05
		Langhian			Lillburnian					13.82
					Clifdenian					15.1
				Pareora	Altonian					15.9
		Burdigalian			Altonian					15.98
		Burdigalian			Otaian					18.7
		Aquitanian			Otaian					20.44
		Aquitanian		Landon	Waitakian					21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian			Waitakian					23.03
					Duntroonian					25.2
					Whaingaroan					27.3
		Rupelian								27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian								33.9
				Arnold	Runangan					34.6
					Kaiatan					36.7
		Bartonian			Kaiatan					37.71
		Bartonian			Bortonian					39.1
		Lutetian			Bortonian					41.2
				Dannevirke	Porangan					42.6
					Heretaungan					45.7
		Ypresian			Heretaungan					47.8
					Mangaorapan					48.9
					Waipawan					52
	Paleocene	Thanetian			Teurian					56
		Selandian								59.2
		Danian								61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian					66
		Campanian			Haumurian					72.1
		Santonian			Piripauan					83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan					86.1
		Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian								89.8
					Mangaotanean					90.5
					Arowhanan					93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan					93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian					95.2
					Motuan					99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan					100.5
					Urutawan					103.3
				Taitai	Korangan					108.4
		Aptian			Korangan					113
		Aptian								117.5
		Barremian								121.4
		Hauterivian								125.77
		Valanginian								132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
		Wuchiapingian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Tatarian		Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian				Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian		Kazanian		Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian		Kazanian		Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
						Filipovian	276.5 *
						Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian		Artinskian		Sarginian	283.5
						Irginian	285.9 *
						Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian		Sakmarian		Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian		Asselian		Shikhanian	293.52
						Uskalykian	294.8
						Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Kasimovian					303.7
		Moscovian					307
		Bashkirian					315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
		Visean					330.9
		Tournaisian					346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian	358.9
							Middle Famennian	365.3 *
							Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian	372.2
							Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
							Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian	382.7
							Middle Givetian	383.7 *
							Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian					Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian					Late Lochkovian	410.8
							Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian		415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian				Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian					Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						449.5
		Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian				Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian				Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian						470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian						477.7
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian					Lianghekou †	477.9 *
										485.4