PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Devonian Subages	Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of North America
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Late Pennsylvanian			298.9
		Kasimovian		Late Pennsylvanian			303.7
		Moscovian		Middle Pennsylvanian			307
		Bashkirian		Early Pennsylvanian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Late Mississippian			323.2
		Visean		Middle Mississippian			330.9
		Tournaisian		Early Mississippian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian				358.9
			Middle Famennian				365.3 *
			Early Famennian				368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian				372.2
			Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
			Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian				382.7
			Middle Givetian				383.7 *
			Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
		Katian					445.2
		Sandbian					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10			Sunwaptan		487.5
		Jiangshanian			Sunwaptan		489.5
		Jiangshanian			Steptoean		493 *
		Paibian			Steptoean		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian			Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan			Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan			Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4			Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3			Dyeran		514
					Montezuman		514.8 *
					Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
							538.8