PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126848 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Australia	Cambrian of Siberia			Precambrian of Russia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan								145
				Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan								149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan								150
						Heterian								154.5
				Oxfordian										154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
				Callovian		Temaikan								164.3
				Bathonian										165.3
				Bajocian										168.2
				Aalenian										170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
				Toarcian	Herangi	Ururoan								176
				Pliensbachian		Ururoan								184.2
				Pliensbachian		Aratauran								188.9
				Sinemurian										192.9
				Hettangian										199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian								201.4
				Norian		Warepan								208.5
						Otamitan								217
						Oretian								221
				Carnian		Oretian								227
				Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan								227.5
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan								237
				Ladinian		Etalian								238
				Anisian		Etalian								242
				Anisian		Malakovian								246
			Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian								247.2
				Olenekian		Nelsonian								249
				Induan		Nelsonian								251.2
				Induan	DUrville	Makarewan								251.5
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan								251.902
				Changhsingian		Waiitian								253.2
				Wuchiapingian		Waiitian								254.14
				Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan								254.2
			Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian								259.51
				Wordian		Flettian								264.28
				Wordian		Barettian								266
				Roadian										266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian										273.01
				Kungurian		Mangapirian								276
				Artinskian		Mangapirian								283.5
						Telfordian								285
														288.5
				Sakmarian										290.1
				Asselian										293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
				Kasimovian										303.7
				Moscovian										307
				Bashkirian										315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
				Visean										330.9
				Tournaisian										346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian									Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian									Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian									Emsian	393.3
				Pragian									Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian									Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
			Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian								Gleedonian		427.4
				Homerian								Whitwellian		429.7 *
Sheinwoodian							430.5
Llandovery			Telychian				433.4
			Aeronian				438.5
			Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
			Katian				445.2
			Sandbian				453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian				470
			Tremadocian				477.7
			Tremadocian				Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Datsonian	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
			Stage 10				Payntonian				486.8 *
			Jiangshanian				Iverian				489.5
								Aksaian			490.7 *
								Sakian			492.2 *
			Paibian				Idamean				494
			Paibian				Idamean			Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Mindyallan	Ayusokkanian			497
							Boomerangian	Ayusokkanian			499
							Boomerangian	Mayan/Menevian			499.5
			Drumian				Undillan				500.5
			Drumian				Floran				503
			Wuliuan				Templetonian	Amgan/Solvan			504.5
			Wuliuan				Ordian				507.8 *
		Series 2	Stage 4								509
								Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
								Toyonian			510.8 *
								Botomian			512.5 *
	Stage 3		514					Botomian
	Stage 3		Atdabanian						515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian						521
		Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian						525.5
		Fortunian	Nemakit-Daldynian					Manykaian †	529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian		538.8
		Cryogenian												635
		Tonian												720
		Tonian										Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian										Karatau		1000
		Stenian										Yurmatian		1100
		Ectasian										Yurmatian		1200
		Ectasian			Burzyan	1375
														1400