PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128349 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of China	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous of North America
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian	Oteke	Puaroan						145
				Kimmeridgian	Oteke	Puaroan						149.2
					Kawhia	Ohauan						150
						Heterian						154.5
				Oxfordian								154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
				Callovian		Temaikan						164.3
				Bathonian								165.3
				Bajocian								168.2
				Aalenian								170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
				Toarcian	Herangi	Ururoan						176
				Pliensbachian		Ururoan						184.2
				Pliensbachian		Aratauran						188.9
				Sinemurian								192.9
				Hettangian								199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian	Balfour	Otapirian						201.4
				Norian		Warepan						208.5
						Otamitan						217
						Oretian						221
				Carnian		Oretian						227
				Carnian	Gore	Kaihikuan						227.5
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Kaihikuan						237
				Ladinian		Etalian						238
				Anisian		Etalian						242
				Anisian		Malakovian						246
			Early Triassic	Olenekian		Malakovian						247.2
				Olenekian		Nelsonian						249
				Induan		Nelsonian						251.2
				Induan	DUrville	Makarewan						251.5
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Makarewan	Melekhovian	Meishanian				251.902
						Waiitian		Meishanian				253.2
								Baoqingian				253.4 *
				Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian				254.14
						Puruhauan		Laoshanian				254.2
						Puruhauan		Laibinian				257.7 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian	Aparima	Flettian		Lengwuan				259.51
				Wordian				Kuhfengian				264.28
							Noginskian					264.9 *
						Barettian						266
				Roadian								266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian				273.01
						Mangapirian						276
							Pavlovoposadian					276.8 *
				Artinskian								283.5
						Telfordian						285
								Longlinian				285.4 *
							Rusavkinian					287.6 *
												288.5
				Sakmarian								290.1
				Asselian				Zisongian			Bursumian †	293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian			Virgilian	298.9
				Gzhelian							Virgilian	300.1
				Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian				Missourian	303.7
							Khamovnikian					304.8
							Krevyakinian					305.8 *
							Krevyakinian				Desmoinesian	305.9 *
				Moscovian			Myachkovian					307
							Podolskian					308.9 *
							Kashirian					311.4 *
							Kashirian				Atokan	312.7 *
							Vereian					313.8
							Melekessian					314.8
				Bashkirian			Melekessian					315.2
Cheremshanian							316.9 *
Cheremshanian							Morrowan		318.4 *
Prikamian									318.6 *
Severokeltmian									319.9 *
Krasnopolyanian									321.2 *
Voznesenian									321.9 *
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian			Chesterian		323.2
				Protvian					324.4 *
				Steshevian					326.8 *
				Tarusian					329 *
			Visean	Venevian					330.9
				Mikhailovian					331.9 *
				Aleksinian					333.7 *
				Tulian			Meramecian		335.8 *
				Bobrikian			Meramecian		339.9 *
				Bobrikian			Osagean		343.1 *
				Radaevkian					343.4 *
			Tournaisian	Kosvian					346.7
				Kizelian					350.7 *
				Cherepetian			Kinderhookian		351.9 *
				Karakubian					354.4 *
				Upinian					356.3 *
				Malevkian					357.6 *
				Gumerovian					358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian						Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian						Adorf	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian						Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Eifelian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian						Emsian	393.3
			Pragian						Siegen	407.6
	Lochkovian		Gedinnine						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian							Ungurian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian	485.4
		Jiangshanian							Batyrbaian	489.5
					Aksaian	490.7 *
					Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian			Sakian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian				499.5
		Drumian			Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian			Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan			Tuesaian	504.5
		Wuliuan				505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4				509
					Toyonian	510 *
					Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian	514
		Stage 3			Atdabanian	515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian	521
		Stage 2				525.5
		Fortunian				529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran							Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian								635
		Tonian								720
		Tonian							Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian							Karatau	1000
		Stenian							Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian							Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian							Burzyan	1375
												1400