PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Cambrian of Australia	Carboniferous Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Cambrian of North America		Carboniferous of North America	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Buntsandstein									251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Buntsandstein									254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Ohre/Aller									259.51
				Wordian					Leine									264.28
				Roadian														266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian														273.01
				Artinskian														283.5
				Sakmarian														290.1
				Asselian												Bursumian †		293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Late Pennsylvanian								Virgilian		298.9
				Kasimovian												Missourian		303.7
				Kasimovian												Desmoinesian		305.9 *
				Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian								Desmoinesian		307
				Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian								Atokan		312.7 *
				Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian								Atokan		315.2
				Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian								Morrowan		318.4 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Late Mississippian								Chesterian		323.2
				Visean				Middle Mississippian								Chesterian		330.9
																Meramecian		335.8 *
																Osagean		343.1 *
				Tournaisian				Early Mississippian								Osagean		346.7
				Tournaisian				Early Mississippian								Kinderhookian		351.9 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian													Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian													Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian													Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian													Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian													Emsian	393.3
				Pragian													Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian													Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli															419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian														423
			Ludlow	Gorstian														425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian														427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian														430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian														433.4
				Aeronian														438.5
				Rhuddanian														440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian								443.8
				Katian						Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †							445.2
				Katian						Berounian								449.7 *
				Sandbian														453
												Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †					456.2 *
											Liben †							458 *
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
										Dobrotivian								458.5 *
										Oretanian								459.7 *
											Sarka †							461.7 *
				Dapingian							Klabava †							467.3
				Dapingian						Arenigian								468
			Early Ordovician	Floian						Arenigian								470
			Early Ordovician	Tremadocian						Tremadocian								477.7
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Datsonian								Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan			485.4
							Payntonian											486.8 *
							Payntonian							Sunwaptan				487.5
				Jiangshanian			Iverian							Sunwaptan				489.5
				Jiangshanian			Iverian							Steptoean				493 *
				Paibian			Idamean							Steptoean				494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Mindyallan							Marjumian	Albertian †			497
				Guzhangian			Boomerangian											499
				Drumian			Undillan											500.5
				Drumian			Floran											503
				Wuliuan			Templetonian							Topazan				504.5
							Templetonian							Delamaran				506.5
							Ordian											507.8 *
Series 2	Stage 4		Waucoban †	509			Ordian
					510.8 *
					Dyeran	511 *
	Stage 3				Dyeran	514
					Montezuman	514.8 *
					Begadean	519.9 *
Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian †	Poundian †								538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian †	Wonokan †								571.7 *
																		635