PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128255 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Cambrian of China		Permian of the Russian Platform		Devonian of Germany	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Silurian of North America		Silurian of the Baltic
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Middle Jurassic	Bajocian									Epizigzagiceras						168.2
				Bajocian									Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense						168.4
				Aalenian									Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni						170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta						174.7
													Planulata						179.3 *
													Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi				179.8 *
													Kanense						181.3 *
													Carlottense						182.3 *
													Kunae						183.5 *
				Pliensbachian									Kunae						184.2
													Freboldi						185.1 *
													Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras					186.2 *
														Tetraspidoceras					189.2 *
													Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis					190.3 *
				Sinemurian															192.9
													Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras				196.4 *
													Franziceras/Euphyllites						196.5 *
				Hettangian									Franziceras/Euphyllites						199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
				Norian															208.5
				Carnian															227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian															242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian															247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan															251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian															251.902
				Wuchiapingian															254.14
				Wuchiapingian					Tatarian	Vyatkian									256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian						Severodvinian									259.51
				Wordian						Urzhumian									264.28
				Roadian					Kazanian	Povolzhian									266.9
				Roadian					Kazanian	Sokian									270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian									273.01
										Filipovian									276.5 *
										Saraninian									280.1 *
				Artinskian					Artinskian	Sarginian									283.5
										Irginian									285.9 *
										Burtsevian									287.8 *
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian									290.1
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Tastubian									291.7 *
				Asselian					Asselian	Shikhanian									293.52
										Uskalykian									294.8
										Surenian									297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian															298.9
				Kasimovian															303.7
				Moscovian															307
				Bashkirian															315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian															323.2
				Visean															330.9
				Tournaisian															346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden								358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian							Adorf								372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian							Givetian	Srbsko							382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian							Eifelian	Chotec							387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian							Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian							393.3
				Pragian							Siegen	Pragian							407.6
				Lochkovian							Gedinnine	Lochkovian							410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli													Cayugan		Ohesaare	419.2
																Cayugan		Kaugetuma	421.7 *
																Niagaran		Kaugetuma	422.5 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian														Kuressaare	423
				Ludfordian														Paadla	423.4 *
				Gorstian														Paadla	425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian													Lockportian	Rootsikula	427.4
Jaagarahu				Homerian	429.2 *												Lockportian
Jaagarahu				Sheinwoodian		430.5
Jaani				Sheinwoodian		431.8 *
Jaani			Llandovery	Telychian	Ontarian	433.4
Adavere				Telychian		434 *
				Aeronian		438.5
						Alexandrian	438.7 *
Raikkula							439.4 *
					Medinan		Clinton	440.1 *
								440.7 *
				Rhuddanian				440.8
Juuru				Rhuddanian				441.4 *
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
			Katian					445.2
			Sandbian					453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian					470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10					Niuchehean					Taoyuanian †	485.4
			Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian						489.5
			Paibian					Paibian						494
			Paibian					Paibian					Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Guzhangian					Wangcunian †	497
			Drumian					Drumian					Wangcunian †	500.5
	Wuliuan		Wuliuan/Taijangian										504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Duyunian										509
	Series 2	Stage 3	Nangaoian										514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Meishucunian										521
		Fortunian	Meishucunian										529
		Fortunian	Jinnigian										530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												Vendian †	Poundian †		538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												Vendian †	Wonokan †		571.7 *
																			635