PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of Australia	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of the Salt Range	Cambrian of North America	Carboniferous of North America	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Induan						Kathwai				251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian	Kathwai				251.902
														252.4 *
										Chhidru				252.9 *
				Wuchiapingian					Dzhulfian	Chhidru				254.14
										Kalabagh				255 *
										Wargal				256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Midian					259.51
				Wordian										264.28
														265.3 *
										Amb				266.1 *
									Murgabian					266.2 *
				Roadian										266.9
				Roadian										270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian					273.01
				Kungurian					Bolorian					279.8
				Artinskian					Bolorian					283.5
				Artinskian					Yakhtashian					286
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian					290.1
				Asselian					Asselian			Bursumian †		293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Virgilian		298.9
				Kasimovian								Missourian		303.7
				Kasimovian								Desmoinesian		305.9 *
				Moscovian								Desmoinesian		307
				Moscovian								Atokan		312.7 *
				Bashkirian								Atokan		315.2
				Bashkirian								Morrowan		318.4 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian								Chesterian		323.2
				Visean								Chesterian		330.9
												Meramecian		335.8 *
												Osagean		343.1 *
				Tournaisian								Osagean		346.7
				Tournaisian								Kinderhookian		351.9 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian									Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian									Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian									Emsian	393.3
				Pragian									Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian									Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli				Ohesaare							419.2
			Pridoli				Kaugetuma							421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian			Kuressaare							423
				Ludfordian			Paadla							423.4 *
				Gorstian			Paadla							425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula							427.4
				Homerian			Jaagarahu							429.2 *
				Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu							430.5
				Sheinwoodian			Jaani							431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani							433.4
				Telychian			Adavere							434 *
				Aeronian			Adavere							438.5
				Aeronian			Raikkula							439.4 *
				Rhuddanian			Raikkula							440.8
				Rhuddanian			Juuru							441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Bolindian						443.8
				Katian				Bolindian						445.2
								Eastonian						449 *
								Gisbornian						452 *
				Sandbian				Gisbornian						453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Darriwilian						458.4
				Dapingian				Yapeenian						467.3
				Dapingian				Castlemainian						468.5 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian				Chewtonian						470
Bendigonian					471.8 *
Lancefieldian	473.5 *
Lancefieldian	Tremadocian			477.7
Warendian	Tremadocian			482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10			Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian			Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian			Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian			Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian		Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4		Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3		Dyeran		514
				Montezuman		514.8 *
				Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian				529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian †		Poundian †			538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian †		Wonokan †			571.7 *
														635