PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of China		Ordovician of China			Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of Kazakhstan
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian										Zechstein		254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian										Rotliegendes		259.51
				Wordian												264.28
				Roadian												266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
				Artinskian										Autunian		283.5
				Sakmarian												290.1
				Asselian												293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												298.9
				Kasimovian												303.7
				Moscovian												307
				Bashkirian												315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian												323.2
				Visean												330.9
				Tournaisian												346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway									358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean									372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian								382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian	Cazenovian								387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian								393.3
				Pragian												407.6
				Lochkovian												410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli													419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian												423
			Ludlow	Gorstian												425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian												427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian												430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian												433.4
				Aeronian												438.5
				Rhuddanian												440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †			443.8
				Katian							Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †			445.2
				Katian							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					449.5
				Sandbian							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo				458.4
				Darriwilian							Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo			466.3 *
				Dapingian							Dapingian					467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian							Yiyangian					470
				Tremadocian							Xinchangian				Ungurian	477.7
				Tremadocian							Xinchangian		Lianghekou †		Ungurian	477.9 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †					Batyrbaian	485.4
				Jiangshanian					Jiangshanian						Batyrbaian	489.5
															Aksaian	490.7 *
															Sakian	492.2 *
				Paibian					Paibian							494
				Paibian					Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian						494.9 *
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Guzhangian	Wangcunian †					Ayusokkanian	497
				Guzhangian					Guzhangian							499.5
				Drumian					Drumian						Zhanaarykian	500.5
				Drumian					Drumian						Tuesaian	503
				Wuliuan					Wuliuan/Taijangian						Tuesaian	504.5
				Wuliuan					Wuliuan/Taijangian							505.3
			Series 2	Stage 4					Duyunian							509
															Toyonian	510 *
															Botomian	512.5 *
				Stage 3					Nangaoian						Botomian	514
				Stage 3					Nangaoian						Atdabanian	515.6 *
			Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Meishucunian						Tommotian	521
				Stage 2												525.5
				Fortunian												529
				Fortunian					Jinnigian							530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian †	Poundian †										538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian †	Wonokan †										571.7 *
																635